(Cherechedza Mupepeti: Chinyorwa chino, chakashandurwa kubva ku ulinkmedia.)
Masensa awanda chose. Aivepo kare kare Internet isati yavapo, uye zvechokwadi kare kare Internet of Things (IoT) isati yavapo. Masensa emazuva ano akangwara anowanikwa kune akawanda maapplication kupfuura kare, musika uri kuchinja, uye kune zvakawanda zvinoita kuti kukura kuwedzere.
Mota, makamera, mafoni, uye michina yefekitori inotsigira Internet of Things ndedzimwe dzemisika yakawanda yekushandiswa kwemasensa.
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Masensa Munyika Yepanyama yeInternet
Nekuuya kweInternet of Things, kushandiswa kwezvinhu mudhijitari (tinoidaidza kuti Industry 4.0), uye kuedza kwedu kushandura zvinhu mudhijitari muzvikamu zvese zvehupfumi nemagariro evanhu, ma sensor akangwara ari kushandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana uye musika wema sensor uri kukura nekukurumidza.
Kutaura zvazviri, mune dzimwe nzira, ma "smart sensors" ndiwo "hwaro chaihwo" hweInternet of Things. Padanho rino rekushandiswa kweiot, vanhu vazhinji vachiri kutsanangura iot maererano nemidziyo yeiot. Internet of Things inowanzoonekwa senetwork yemidziyo yakabatana, kusanganisira ma "smart sensors". Midziyo iyi inogonawo kunzi ma "sensor devices".
Saka zvinosanganisira mamwe matekinoroji akaita semasensa nekutaurirana anogona kuyera zvinhu uye kushandura zvavanoyera kuita data rinogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana. Chinangwa nemamiriro ekushandisa (semuenzaniso, tekinoroji yekubatanidza inoshandiswa) zvinosarudza kuti ndeapi masensa anoshandiswa.
MaSensors neSmart Sensors - Chii chiri muzita racho?
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Tsanangudzo dzeMasensor neMasensor Akangwara
Masensa nezvimwe zvishandiso zveIoT ndizvo zvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzira tekinoroji yeIoT. Anobata data rinodiwa neapps dzedu uye anoriendesa kumapuratifomu ekukurukurirana epamusoro. Sezvatinotsanangura mukutanga kwedu tekinoroji yeIot, "purojekiti" yeIot inogona kushandisa masensa akawanda. Rudzi nenhamba yemasensa anoshandiswa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nepurojekiti uye hungwaru hwepurojekiti. Tora rig yemafuta yakangwara: inogona kuva nemakumi ezviuru emasensa.
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Tsanangudzo yeMasensa
MaSensor ma converters, seanonzi ma actuator. MaSensor anoshandura simba kubva kune imwe fomu kuenda kune imwe. Kune ma sensor akangwara, izvi zvinoreva kuti ma sensor anogona "kunzwa" mamiriro ari mukati uye akakomberedza zvishandiso zvavakabatana nazvo uye zvinhu zvavanoshandisa (mamiriro nenzvimbo).
Masensa anogona kuona nekuyera ma parameter aya, zviitiko, kana shanduko uye ozvitaurira kune masisitimu epamusoro nezvimwe zvishandiso zvinogona kushandisa data racho pakugadzirisa, kuongorora, nezvimwewo.
Sensor chishandiso chinoona, chinoyera, kana kuratidza chero huwandu chaihwo (senge chiedza, kupisa, kufamba, hunyoro, kumanikidzwa, kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana) nekuzvishandura kuita chero chimwe chimiro (kunyanya mapuroteni emagetsi) (kubva ku: United Market Research Institute).
Zvinhu zvinogona kunzwisiswa nemasensa uye kutaurirana zvinosanganisira huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaita sechiedza, ruzha, kumanikidzwa, tembiricha, kudedera, hunyoro, kuvapo kwemakemikari kana gasi, kufamba, kuvapo kweguruva, nezvimwewo.
Zviri pachena kuti masensa chikamu chakakosha cheInternet of Things uye anofanira kunge akanyatsojeka nekuti masensa ndiwo nzvimbo yekutanga yekuwana data.
Kana sensor ikanzwa uye yatumira ruzivo, actuator inotanga kushanda uye inoshanda. Actuator inogamuchira chiratidzo uye inoisa mafambiro ainofanira kuita munharaunda. Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoita kuti chinyatsooneka uye unoratidza zvimwe zvezvinhu zvatinogona "kunzwa". Ma IoT sensors akasiyana pakuti anotora chimiro chema sensor modules kana ma development board (anowanzo gadzirirwa mashandisirwo chaiwo uye maapplication) nezvimwewo.
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Tsanangudzo yeSmart Sensor
Izwi rekuti "smart" raishandiswa nemamwe mazwi akawanda risati rashandiswa neInternet of Things. Zvivako zveSmart, manejimendi emarara akangwara, dzimba dzakangwara, mababu emagetsi akangwara, maguta akangwara, magetsi emumugwagwa akangwara, mahofisi akangwara, mafekitori akangwara nezvimwewo. Uye, zvechokwadi, masensa akangwara.
Ma sensor akangwara akasiyana nema sensor nekuti ma sensor akangwara mapuratifomu epamusoro ane matekinoroji ari mukati akadai sema microprocessors, maturusi ekuchengetedza, ekuongorora uye ekubatanidza anoshandura masaini emhinduro dzechinyakare kuita nzwisiso yechokwadi yedhijitari (Deloitte).
Muna 2009, International Frequency Sensors Association (IFSA) yakabvunza vanhu vakati wandei vanobva kumayunivhesiti nemaindasitiri kuti vasarudze sensor yakangwara. Mushure mekuchinjira kumasaini edhijitari muma1980 uye kuwedzerwa kwetekinoroji itsva muma1990, masensa mazhinji aigona kunzi masensa akangwara.
Mumakore ekuma1990 makaonekwawo pfungwa ye "pervasive computing", iyo inoonekwa sechinhu chakakosha mukuvandudzwa kweInternet of Things, kunyanya sezvo kufambira mberi kwecomputer yakavharirwa. Pakati pema1990, kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemagetsi edhijitari uye matekinoroji asina waya muma sensor modules kwakaramba kuchikura, uye kutapurirana kwedata zvichibva pakuona nezvimwewo kwakawedzera kukosha. Nhasi, izvi zviri pachena muInternet of Things. Kutaura zvazviri, vamwe vanhu vakataura nezvema sensor networks vasati vatombova nezwi rekuti Internet of Things. Saka, sezvamunoona, zvakawanda zvakaitika munzvimbo yema sensor akangwara muna 2009.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-04-2021