Musoro watichataura nezvawo nhasi une chekuita nedzimba dzakangwara.
Kana zvasvika kudzimba dzakangwara, hapana anofanira kunge asina kujairana nadzo.Kare pakutanga kwezana rino ramakore, apo pfungwa yeInternet yezvinhu yakatanga kuzvarwa, iyo inonyanya kukosha nzvimbo yekushandisa, yaive imba yakangwara.
Kwemakore, nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza tekinoroji yedhijitari, yakawanda uye yakawedzera smart hardware yeimba yakagadzirwa.Aya mahardware akaunza kurerukirwa kukuru kuhupenyu hwemhuri uye akawedzera kumafaro ekurarama.
Nekufamba kwenguva, unenge uine akawanda maapuro pafoni yako.
Ehe, iri ndiro dambudziko re ecological barriers iro ragara richitambudza smart home industry.
Muchokwadi, kuvandudza kweIoT tekinoroji kwagara kuchiratidzwa nekutsemuka.Mamiriro akasiyana ekushandisa anoenderana akasiyana maitiro eIoT matekinoroji.Vamwe vanoda bandwidth yakakura, vamwe vanoda kushandiswa kwesimba shoma, vamwe vanotarisa pakugadzikana, uye vamwe vane hanya zvikuru nemutengo.
Izvi zvakapa musanganiswa we2/3/4/5G, NB-IoT, eMTC, LoRa, SigFox, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Thread uye humwe hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana.
Imba yakangwara, zvakare, ndeye yakajairwa LAN mamiriro, ane mapfupi-renji ekutaurirana matekinoroji akadai seWi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Thread, nezvimwewo, mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvikamu uye muchinjika-kushandiswa.
Zvakare, sedzimba dzakangwara dzakagadzirirwa vashandisi vasiri nyanzvi, vagadziri vanowanzovaka yavo mapuratifomu uye UI interfaces uye vanotora proprietary application layer protocol kuti ive nechokwadi chemushandisi ruzivo.Izvi zvakakonzera "ecosystem war" yazvino.
Izvo zvipingamupinyi pakati peecosystem hazvina kungokonzera matambudziko asingaperi evashandisi, asiwo kune vatengesi nevagadziri - kutanga chigadzirwa chimwe chete kunoda budiriro yezvakasiyana ecosystems, zvakanyanya kuwedzera basa uye mutengo.
Nekuti dambudziko rezvipingamupinyi zvezvakatipoteredza imhinganidzo yakakomba kukusimudzira kwenguva refu kwedzimba dzakangwara, indasitiri yatanga kushanda mukutsvaga mhinduro kudambudziko iri.
Kuberekwa kweMatter protocol
Muna Zvita 2019, Google neApple vakabatana neZigbee Alliance, vachibatana neAmazon nemakambani anopfuura mazana maviri nezviuru zvenyanzvi pasi rese kusimudzira chirongwa chitsva chedhizaini, inozivikanwa seProjekti CHIP (Yakabatanidzwa Kumba pamusoro peIP) protocol.
Sezvauri kuona kubva pazita, CHIP ndeyezve kubatanidza imba zvichibva pane IP protocol.Iyi protocol yakatangwa nechinangwa chekuwedzera kuenderana kwemidziyo, kurerutsa kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, kuvandudza ruzivo rwevashandisi uye kufambisa indasitiri kumberi.
Mushure mokunge boka rekushanda reCHIP raberekwa, chirongwa chepakutanga chaiva chokusunungura chiyero muna 2020 uye kutanga chigadzirwa muna 2021. Zvisinei, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, chirongwa ichi hachina kuitika.
Muna Chivabvu 2021, iyo Zigbee Alliance yakachinja zita rayo kuita CSA (Connectivity Standards Alliance).Panguva imwecheteyo, chirongwa cheCHIP chakatumidzwa zita rekuti Matter (zvinoreva "mamiriro, chiitiko, nyaya" muchiChinese).
The Alliance yakatumidzwa zita nokuti nhengo dzakawanda dzaizeza kujoina Zigbee, uye CHIP yakachinjwa kuva Matter, zvichida nokuti shoko rokuti CHIP rainyanya kuzivikanwa (pakutanga raireva "chip") uye nyore kwazvo kuputsika.
Muna Gumiguru 2022, iyo CSA yakazoburitsa vhezheni 1.0 yeMatter standard protocol.Nguva pfupi izvi zvisati zvaitika, musi wa18 Chivabvu 2023, Matter vhezheni 1.1 yakaburitswa zvakare.
Nhengo dzeCSA Consortium dzakakamurwa kuita nhanho nhatu: Initiator, Mutori wechikamu uye Adopter.Vanotangisa vari padanho repamusoro, vari ivo vekutanga kutora chikamu mukunyorwa kweprotocol, inhengo dzeAlliance's Board of Directors uye vanotora chikamu mune imwe nhanho muhutungamiriri nezvisarudzo zveAlliance.
Google neApple, sevamiriri vevakatanga, vakabatsira zvakanyanya kune yekutanga kutaurwa kweMatter.
Google yakapa yayo Smart Home's iripo network layer uye application protocol Weave (seti yeyakajairwa nzira dzechokwadi uye mirairo yekushanda kwechishandiso), nepo Apple yakapa HAP Chengetedzo (yekupedzisira-kusvika-kumagumo kutaurirana uye yemuno LAN manipulation, kuve nechokwadi chakasimba kuvanzika uye kuchengetedzeka. )
Zvinoenderana neazvino data pawebhusaiti yepamutemo, CSA consortium yakavambwa nemakambani akazara makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe, aine 282 vatori vechikamu uye 238 vanotora.
Vachitungamirwa nehofori, vatambi vemuindasitiri vari kushingaira kuendesa kunze kwenyika yavo yehungwaru yeMatter uye vakazvipira kuvaka yakakura yakabatana yakabatana yakabatana ecosystem.
Matter's protocol architecture
Mushure mekutaura kwese uku, tinonyatsonzwisisa sei iyo Matter protocol?Chii chiri hukama hwayo neWi-Fi, Bluetooth, Thread uye Zigbee?
Kwete nekukurumidza, ngatitarisei dhayagiramu:
Uyu ndiwo dhayagiramu yeprotocol architecture: Wi-Fi, Thread, Bluetooth (BLE) uye Ethernet ndiwo maitiro emitemo (yemuviri uye data link layers);kumusoro ndiyo network layer, kusanganisira IP protocol;kumusoro ndiyo dhizaini yekutakura, kusanganisira TCP uye UDP protocol;uye Matter protocol, sezvatakambotaura, ndeye application layer protocol.
Bluetooth neZigbee zvakare vane network yakatsaurirwa, yekufambisa uye masevhisi ekushandisa, kuwedzera kune ari pasi pemapuroteni.
Naizvozvo, Matter inoenderana yakasarudzika protocol neZigbee uye Bluetooth.Parizvino, iwo ega maprotocol anotsigirwa naMatter ndeye Wi-Fi, Thread uye Ethernet (Ethernet).
Pamusoro peiyo protocol architecture, isu tinofanirwa kuziva kuti iyo Matter protocol yakagadzirwa nehuzivi hwakavhurika.
Iyo yakavhurika sosi protocol iyo inogona kutariswa, kushandiswa uye kugadziridzwa chero munhu kuti aenderane akasiyana mashandisirwo mamiriro uye zvinodiwa, izvo zvinobvumira kune tekinoroji mabhenefiti ekujeka uye kuvimbika.
Kuchengetedzwa kweMatter protocol zvakare inzvimbo huru yekutengesa.Inoshandisa tekinoroji yazvino yekunyorera uye inotsigira magumo-kusvika-kumagumo encryption kuona kuti kutaurirana kwevashandisi hakuna kubiwa kana kukanganiswa.
Matter's networking model
Tevere, tinotarisa kune networking chaiyo yeMatter.Zvakare, izvi zvinoratidzwa nedhiyagiramu:
Sezvinoratidzwa nedhiyagiramu, Matter iTCP/IP yakavakirwa protocol, saka Matter ndiyo chero TCP/IP yakaunganidzwa.
Wi-Fi uye Ethernet zvishandiso zvinotsigira Matter protocol zvinogona kubatana zvakananga kune isina waya router.Thread zvishandiso zvinotsigira Matter protocol zvinogona zvakare kubatanidzwa kune IP-based network seWi-Fi kuburikidza neBorder Routers.
Midziyo isingatsigire Matter protocol, seZigbee kana Bluetooth zvishandiso, inogona kubatanidzwa kune bhiriji-mhando mudziyo (Matter Bridge/Gateway) kushandura protocol uye wozobatanidza kune isina waya router.
Kufambira mberi kwemaindasitiri muMatter
Matter inomiririra maitiro mune smart imba tekinoroji.Saizvozvo, yakawana kutariswa kwakapararira nerutsigiro rwechido kubva payakavambwa.
Iyo indasitiri ine tarisiro huru pamusoro peMatter's budiriro tarisiro.Zvinoenderana neshumo ichangoburwa nekambani yekutsvagisa misika yeABI Research, anopfuura mabhiriyoni makumi maviri emagetsi akabatana nemagetsi epamba achatengeswa pasi rose kubva 2022 kusvika 2030, uye chikamu chikuru chemhando dzemidziyo iyi ichasangana neMatter.
Matter parizvino inoshandisa certification mechanism.Vagadziri vanogadzira Hardware inoda kupasa CSA consortium's certification process kuti vagamuchire Chitupa cheMatter uye vabvumidzwe kushandisa Matter logo.
Sekureva kweCSA, iyo Matter yakatarwa ichashanda kune dzakasiyana siyana mhando dzemidziyo senge control panel, makiyi egonhi, marambi, sockets, switch, sensors, thermostats, mafeni, vanodzora mamiriro ekunze, mapofu uye midhiya michina, inovhara angangoita ese mamiriro mu. imba yakangwara.
Indasitiri-huchenjeri, indasitiri yatove nenhamba yevagadziri vane zvigadzirwa zvakapfuura Matter certification uye zvishoma nezvishoma vari kupinda mumusika.Pachikamu chevagadziri ve chip uye module, kune zvakare rutsigiro rwakasimba rweMatter.
Mhedziso
Basa guru reMatter seyepamusoro-layer protocol kuputsa zvipingamupinyi pakati pemidziyo yakasiyana uye ecosystem.Vanhu vakasiyana vane maonero akasiyana paNyaya, vamwe vachiiona semuponesi vamwe vachiiona seyakachena.
Parizvino, iyo Matter protocol ichiri mumatanho ekutanga ekuuya kumusika uye zvakanyanya kana kushoma inotarisana nemamwe matambudziko nematambudziko, akadai semitengo yakakwira uye kutenderera kwenguva refu yekuvandudza kwemasheya emidziyo.
Chero zvazvingaitika, zvinounza kuvhundutsa kumakore asina kusimba e smart home technology system.Kana iyo yekare sisitimu iri kudzikisira kusimukira kwehunyanzvi uye kudzikisira ruzivo rwemushandisi, saka isu tinoda matekinoroji akaita seMatter kuti akwire uye kutora basa rakakura.
Pasinei nokuti Nyaya ichabudirira here kana kuti kwete, hatigoni kutaura zvechokwadi.Nekudaro, icho chiono cheiyo yese smart indasitiri yepamba uye basa rekambani yega yega nevarapi muindasitiri kupa simba tekinoroji yedhijitari muhupenyu hwepamba uye nekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza mararamiro edhijitari yevashandisi.
Ndinovimba kuti iyo yakangwara imba ichakurumidza kutyora ese tekinoroji maketani uye zvechokwadi kupinda mudzimba dzese.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-29-2023