PV yebharukoni(Photovoltaics) yakawana mukurumbira mukuru muna 2024-2025, ichida kutengeswa zvakanyanya muEurope. Inoshandura "mapaneru maviri + microinverter imwe + tambo imwe chete yemagetsi" kuita "mini power plant" inongoshandiswa plug-and-play, kunyangwe kune vanogara mumafurati.
1. Kunetseka kweMutemo weEnergy weVagari vemuEurope
Avhareji yemutengo wemagetsi emumba muEU muna 2023 yaive 0.28 €/kWh, nemitengo yepamusoro muGermany ichikwira pamusoro pe0.4 €/kWh. Vagari vemafurati, vasina mukana wekupinda padenga rema solar panels echinyakare, vaigona kungokwanisa kubhadhara magetsi emwedzi wega wega vasina nzira inoshanda yekuchengetedza mari. Module ye400 Wp balcony inogona kugadzira magetsi angangoita 460 kWh pagore muMunich. Kana ikaverengerwa pamutengo wakaenzana we0.35 €/kWh, izvi zvinochengetedza mari inosvika 160 € pagore, zvichigona kuzvibhadhara mumakore matatu chete - chinhu chinokwezva zvikuru kune vagari vemafurati.
Muna 2023-2024, anopfuura makumi matatu kubva pamakumi mashanu nematanhatu emagetsi enyukireya muFrance akavharwa nekuda kwekuora kana kuwedzera mafuta, zvichiita kuti simba renyukireya ridzike pasi pe25 GW dzimwe nguva, pasi pesimba re55 GW, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi espot muEurope. Kubva muna Ndira kusvika Kukadzi 2024, avhareji yekumhanya kwemhepo muNorth Sea yaive yakaderera ne15% pane zvakajairwa panguva imwe chete, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba remhepo reNordic ne20% pagore. Mwero wekushandiswa kwesimba remhepo muDenmark neNorthern Germany wakaderera pasi pe30%, nemitengo yespot market ichiramba ichiwana mitengo yakaderera isati yakwira pamusoro pe0.6 €/kWh. Mushumo weEuropean Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) 2024 wakaratidza kuti avhareji yezera rekushanda re220 kV substations munyika dzakadai seGermany neFrance inodarika makore makumi matatu nemashanu. Kuderera kwekuwanikwa kwemidziyo kunokonzera kuganhurirwa kwemagetsi munzvimbo, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kwemitengo mukati mezuva kuwedzera kusvika ka2.3 pane yegore ra2020. Izvi zvinoita kuti mabhiri emagetsi evagari vemuEurope aite seanofamba netsoka.
2. Kuderera Kwemitengo Yemidziyo Mitsva Yemagetsi Kunosimudzira PV Nekuchengetera Zvinhu Mudzimba
Mumakore matatu apfuura, mitengo yemamodule ePV, ma microinverters, uye mabhatiri ekuchengetera zvinhu yakadzikira zvakanyanya neanopfuura 40%. Mutengo wemamodule madiki ari pasi pe800 Wp wasvika padanho rezvinhu. Panguva iyi, mhinduro dzekubatanidza ma plug-and-play dzakarerutsa zvakanyanya maitiro ekuisa, zvichideredza zvakanyanya mari yekuisa masisitimu uye nekukurumidza kukurudzira kushandiswa kukuru kwema PV emabharukoni uye masisitimu ekuchengetera simba.
3. Mutemo & Mutemo: Kubva paKugamuchira Nekungwarira kusvika paKukurudzirwa
- Mutemo weGermany weSimba Rinodzoreredzwa (EEG 2023) unoisa zviri pamutemo "≤800 Wp bharukoni PV" seStecker-Solar, ichibvisa mari yekubvumidza, yekuyera, uye yegrid, asi ichiri kurambidza kudzosera magetsi mugrid yeruzhinji kuburikidza nema sockets epachivande.
- "Distributed PV Management Measures (Draft for Comment)" yeChina ya2024 inonyora "balcony PV" se "small-scale scenario" asi inotaura zvakajeka kuti mamodheru e"kuzvishandisa zvizere" anofanira kunge aine zvishandiso zvekudzivirira kuyerera kwemagetsi kumashure; zvikasadaro, zvichaonekwa sekutyora mitemo yekushandiswa kwemagetsi.
- France, Italy, neSpain dzakatanga panguva imwe chete mapuratifomu ekunyoresa e "plug-in PV" uko vashandisi vanofanira kutanga vazvipira kuti "vasashandise magetsi ekudzokera shure" kuti vakwanise kuwana rubatsiro rwekushandisa ivo pachavo rwe0.10–0.15 €/kWh.
Rutsigiro rwemitemo rwave musimboti wekushandiswa kwePV yemabharukoni, asi kutarisirwa kunofanirawo kupihwa pakutevedzera mitemo yekudzivirira kutenderera kwemagetsi. Apa ndipo panonyanya kukosha mita dzemagetsi dzakangwara.
4. Sei Sistimu yePV yeBalcony Ichida OWON WiFi Smart Meter?
OWON, mugadziri weIoT device Original Design ane ruzivo rwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri, anotarisa pakugadzirisa simba uye kugadzirisa zvivakwa zvine hungwaru.PC341 WiFi Smart MeterYakagadzirirwa mamiriro akaita se PV yebharukoni uye ine zvinhu zvinotevera:
- Mamiriro Ekutaurirana Akafanana:Zvivako zvemafurati zvinowanzo shaya zvinodiwa zveRS-485 wiring, uye 4G/NB-IoT inobhadhariswa mari yegore negore. WiFi, ine mukana wekuvhara 100%, inzira yakakodzera yekutaurirana ye smart metres mumabharukoni PV. PC341 inotsigira 802.11 b/g/n @ 2.4GHz WiFi connectivity.
- Kukwanisa Kushanda Nesimba Rinorwisa Kudzokera Kumashure:Mita iyi inofanira kuona kuti simba rinoyerera nekumashure rinobva kupi. PC341 inotsigira kuyerwa kwesimba rinoenda kumativi maviri, ichitarisa simba rinoshandiswa nerinogadzirwa (kusanganisira simba rakawandisa rinodzoserwa kugrid). Kutenderera kwayo kwemasekondi gumi nemashanu ega ega kunobatsira sisitimu kupindura nenguva.
- Kuisa-Zvakanaka:Balcony PV inowanzo kuve purojekiti yekugadzirisa, inoda kuti mita iwedzere panzvimbo yekubatanidza PV grid, kazhinji mukati mebhodhi rekugovera repamba riripo. PC341 inotsigira madziro kana DIN rail mounting. MaCT ayo makuru nema subCT anoshandisa ma three-pole audio connectors (3.5mm ne2.5mm zvichiteerana) ane tambo dze 1-meter, uye ma split-core current transformers anorerutsa kuiswa, achikwana zvakanaka muma complex home distribution boards.
- Kuyera Kwakarurama kweBi-direction:Zvinodiwa nemutemo zvinogona kuda kuti mamita ekare asingatsigire kuyerwa kwemagetsi maviri. PC341 yakagadzirirwa kuyera simba nenzira mbiri, ichinyatsoongorora kushandiswa kwesimba uye kugadzirwa kwaro, ichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvemaPV emabharukoni. Kururama kwayo kwekuyerwa kwemagetsi kuri mukati me±2% yemitoro >100W.
- Mwero weKushuma Data:PC341 inopa zviyero zvemagetsi, magetsi, simba remagetsi, simba rinoshanda, uye frequency chaiyo, pamwe neruzivo rwenguva dzose, zvichibatsira mukutarisa shanduko dzemagetsi.
- Kugona Kutaurirana:Kutaurirana kweWiFi kwePC341 kunobvisa kudiwa kwekuwedzera tambo dzekutaurirana; kungobatanidza kune network yemahara yepamba iripo kunoita kuti data ritamiswe, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kuoma kwekuisa uye mari yekuvaka. Izvi zvinobatsirawo kuwedzera sisitimu mune ramangwana. Mazhinji ma microinverters anoshandiswa muma balcony PV systems anotsigirawo kutaurirana kweWiFi, zvichibvumira mita ne microinverter kubatana neWiFi network yepamba.
- Kuenderana Kwemasisitimu uye Kuchinjika:PC341 inoenderana nemasisitimu emagetsi mana ane chikamu chimwe chete, akapatsanurwa (120/240VAC), uye matatu ane chikamu chimwe chete, achichinjika kumamiriro akasiyana-siyana emagetsi. Inogona kutarisa simba remumba mese uye macircuit anosvika gumi nematanhatu (ichishandisa 50A sub CTs), zvichipa mukana wekuwedzera sisitimu.
- Kuvimbika uye Chitupa:PC341 ine chitupa cheCE uye inoshanda zvakavimbika mukati mekupisa kwakakura (-20℃ ~ +55℃), yakakodzera nzvimbo dzekuisa mukati.
5. Mhedziso: OWON WiFi Smart Meter - Chinhu Chinokosha Chekushandisa Balcony PV Systems
Masisitimu ePV emabharukoni anoshandura mamiriyoni emabalcony ekugara kuita "zviteshi zvemagetsi zvidiki." WiFi smart meter yakaita seOWON PC341 inobatsira masisitimu aya kushanda nenzira "inotevedzera mitemo, yakangwara, yakachengeteka, uye inoshanda zvakanaka". Inoita mabasa akawanda akakosha anosanganisira "kuyera, kutarisa, uye kutaurirana." Tichitarisa mberi, nekushandiswa kwemitengo inochinja-chinja, kutengeserana kwekabhoni, uye V2G, basa re smart meter richashanduka kupfuura kungofamba kwemagetsi kunopesana nereverse, zvichigona kuvandudzwa kuti ive nzvimbo huru muhurongwa hwekutarisira simba repamba, zvichiita kuti kilowatt-awa yega yega yemagetsi akasvibirira ionekwe, igone kudzorwa, uye igone kugadziriswa, ichinyatsojekesa "makiromita ekupedzisira" ekurarama pasina kabhoni.
OWON Technology inopa mhinduro dzakakwana kubva kuzvigadzirwa zveIoT zvakajairwa kusvika kumasevhisi eODM emidziyo. Ruzivo rwayo rwezvigadzirwa uye hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi zvinogona kutsigira masisitimu ePV emabharukoni uye mashandisirwo akakura ekugadzirisa simba remumba.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-18-2025