Chii chinonzi 5G LAN?

Munyori: Ulink Media

Munhu wese anofanira kuziva nezve 5G, inova ndiyo shanduko ye 4G uye tekinoroji yedu yekukurukurirana nefoni.

Kune LAN, unofanira kunge uchinyatsoziva. Zita rayo rakazara inetwork yemunharaunda, kana kuti LAN. Network yedu yekumba, pamwe chete nenetwork iri muhofisi yekambani, inonyanya kushandiswa neLAN. NeWireless Wi-Fi, iWireless LAN (WLAN).

Saka sei ndiri kutaura kuti 5G LAN inonakidza?

5G inetwork yakakura yemasero, nepo LAN iri network diki yedata munzvimbo imwe chete. Matekinoroji maviri aya anoita seasina hukama.

Nemamwe mashoko, 5G neLAN mazwi maviri anozivikanwa nemunhu wese zvakasiyana. Asi pamwe chete, zvinovhiringidza zvishoma. Handizvo here?

5G LAN, Chii chaizvo?

Kutaura zvazviri, 5G LAN, muchidimbu, kushandisa tekinoroji ye5G "kuunganidza" uye "kuvaka" materminals kuti vagadzire network yeLAN.

Munhu wese ane foni ye5G. Paunenge uchishandisa mafoni e5G, wakaona here kuti foni yako haigone kutsvaga shamwari dzako kunyangwe dziri pedyo (kunyangwe kutarisana)? Munogona kutaurirana nekuti data rinoenda kumaseva ekambani yako kana kambani inopa internet service.

Kune nzvimbo dzekushandisa, nzvimbo dzese dzekufambisa dzinofamba "dzakaparadzana". Izvi zvakavakirwa pakuchengetedza, mafoni anoshandisa nzira dzawo, haapindirani.

Kune rumwe rutivi, LAN inobatanidza materminal (nharembozha, makomputa, nezvimwewo) munzvimbo imwe chete kuti vagadzire "boka". Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete kutapurirana kwedata pakati pavo, asiwo zvinochengetedza nzira yekubuda nayo kunze kweneti.

MuLAN, materminals anogona kuwanana zvichienderana nemakero avo eMAC uye kuwanana (Layer 2 communication). Kuti uwane network yekunze, kugadzira router, kuburikidza nenzvimbo yeIP, kunogonawo kuita kuti ipinde uye ibude (Layer 3 communication).

Sezvatinoziva tese, "4G ichachinja hupenyu hwedu, uye 5G ichachinja nzanga yedu". Senzira yekukurukurirana nefoni inonyanya kuzivikanwa pari zvino, 5G ine basa re "Internet yezvinhu zvese uye shanduko yedhijitari yemazana emitsara nezviuru zvemaindasitiri", izvo zvinoda kubatsira vashandisi vari mumaindasitiri akamira kuti vabatane.

Saka, 5G haingogone kubatanidza terminal yega yega kugore chete, asiwo kugona "kubatana kuri pedyo" pakati peterminals.

Saka, mu3GPP R16 standard, 5G LAN yakaunza chinhu chitsva ichi.

Nheyo uye Hunhu hwe5G LAN

MuNetwork ye5G, vatungamiriri vanogona kugadzirisa data riri mudhatabhesi remushandisi (UDM network elements), kusaina chibvumirano chebasa nenhamba yakatarwa yeUE, vozoapatsanura kuita mapoka akafanana kana akasiyana eVirtual network (VN).

Dhatabhesi remushandisi rinopa ruzivo rwema terminal number VN group uye ma access policy kune manejimendi elements (SMF, AMF, PCF, nezvimwewo) ye 5G core network (5GC). Management NE inosanganisa aya mashoko nepolicy rules kuita maLans akasiyana. Iyi i 5G LAN.

5G LAN inotsigira kutaurirana kweLayer 2 (network segment imwe chete, direct access kune mumwe nemumwe) pamwe neLayer 3 communication (mune network segments, nerubatsiro rwe routing). 5G LAN inotsigira unicast pamwe ne multicast uye broadcast. Muchidimbu, mutual access mode inochinjika zvikuru, uye networking iri nyore kwazvo.

Panyaya yehukuru hwenzvimbo, 5G LAN inotsigira kutaurirana pakati peUPF imwechete (media side network element ye5G core network) nemaUPF akasiyana. Izvi zvakafanana nekuputsa muganho wedaro pakati pematerminals (kunyangwe Beijing neShanghai vanogona kutaurirana).

Zvikuru sei, ma network e5G LAN anogona kubatana nema network edata aripo evashandisi kuti vakwanise kushandisa plug and play uye kushandisana.

Maitiro Ekushandisa Uye Mabhenefiti e5G LAN

5G LAN inobvumira kuunganidzwa nekubatana pakati pematerminal e5G akatarwa, zvichibatsira zvikuru kuvaka network yeLAN inofambiswa nemabhizinesi. Vaverengi vazhinji vanozobvunza kuti, kufamba-famba hakusiko kwatovepo here netekinoroji yeWi-Fi iripo? Sei paine chikonzero che5G LAN?

Usazvidya moyo, ngatienderere mberi.

Kubatana kwemunharaunda kunogoneswa ne5G LAN kunogona kubatsira mabhizinesi, zvikoro, hurumende, nemhuri kutaurirana zviri nani nematerminals ari munharaunda. Inogona kushandiswa munetwork yehofisi, asi kukosha kwayo kukuru kuri mukushandurwa kwenzvimbo yekugadzira yepaki uye kushandurwa kwenetwork yekutanga yemabhizinesi ekugadzira akadai sekugadzira maindasitiri, maport terminals uye migodhi yemagetsi.

Iye zvino tiri kukurudzira Indaneti yeindasitiri. Tinotenda kuti 5G inogona kugonesa kushandurwa kwemafirimu eindasitiri nekuti 5G tekinoroji yakanaka kwazvo yekutaurirana isina waya ine bandwidth yakakura uye kunonoka kushoma, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzira zvibatane zvisina waya.

Semuenzaniso, funga nezvekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri. Kare, kuitira kuti zvinhu zviite otomatiki zviri nani, kuti pave nekudzora michina, paishandiswa tekinoroji ye "mabhazi emaindasitiri". Kune mhando dzakawanda dzehunyanzvi uhu, dzinogona kutsanangurwa se "kwese kwese".

Gare gare, nekubuda kwetekinoroji yeEthernet neIP, indasitiri iyi yakabvumirana, pamwe nekushanduka kweEthernet, kune "industrial Ethernet". Nhasi, zvisinei nekuti protocol yekubatanidza maindasitiri ndeyaani, inonyanya kushandiswa neEthernet.

Gare gare, makambani emaindasitiri akaona kuti kubatana kwewaya kwaideredza kufamba zvakanyanya - kwaigara kune "kurukwa" kumashure kwechishandiso kwaidzivirira kufamba kwakasununguka.

Uyezve, nzira yekuisa waya yekubatanidza ine matambudziko akawanda, nguva yekuvaka yakareba, uye mutengo wakakwira. Kana paine dambudziko nemidziyo kana tambo, kuitsiva kunononokawo. Saka, indasitiri yakatanga kufunga nezvekugadzira tekinoroji yekutaurirana isina waya.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth nedzimwe tekinoroji dzapinda muindasitiri.

Saka, kudzokera kumubvunzo wapfuura, sei 5G LAN iine Wi-Fi?

Heino chikonzero:

1. Mashandiro anoita network dzeWi-Fi (kunyanya Wi-Fi 4 neWi-Fi 5) haana kunaka se5G.

Panyaya yehuwandu hwekutumira uye kunonoka, 5G inogona kusangana zviri nani nezvinodiwa nemarobhoti emuindasitiri (manipulator control), intelligent quality intelligence (high-speed image recognition), AGV (unmanned logistics vehicle) nezvimwe zviitiko.

Panyaya yekuvhara, 5G ine nzvimbo yakakura yekuvhara kupfuura Wi-Fi uye inogona kuvhara zviri nani nzvimbo yese yekambasi. Kugona kwe5G kuchinjana pakati pemasero kwakasimbawo kupfuura Wi-Fi, izvo zvichaunzira vashandisi ruzivo rwuri nani rwenetwork.

2. Mari yekugadzirisa network yeWi-Fi yakakwira.

Kuti vagadzire network yeWi-Fi mupaki, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kuisa waya nekutenga michina yavo. Midziyo inoderedzwa, inokuvadzwa uye inotsiviwa, asi inochengetwawo nevashandi vakakosha. Kune michina yakawanda yeWi-Fi, uye kugadzirisa kwayo kunonetsa.

5G yakasiyana. Inovakwa uye inochengetwa nevanoita mabasa uye inorendwa nemabhizinesi (Wi-Fi kana 5G yakafanana nekuvaka imba yako wega kana uchienzanisa ne cloud computing).

Kana zvikatorwa pamwe chete, 5G ichave iri nani pakushandisa mari shoma.

3. 5G LAN ine mabasa ane simba.

Kubatanidzwa kweVN muboka re5G LAN kwambotaurwa kare. Pamusoro pekuparadzaniswa kwekutaurirana, basa rakakosha rekubatanidzwa muboka nderekuzadzisa kusiyana kweQoS (sevhisi yepamusoro) yema network akasiyana.

Semuenzaniso, kambani ine network yehofisi, network yeIT system, uye network yeOT.

OT inomiririra Operational Technology. Inetwork inobatanidza nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri nemidziyo, zvakaita sema lathes, maoko erobhoti, masensa, zvishandiso, maAGV, masisitimu ekutarisa, MES, PLCS, nezvimwewo.

Manetwork akasiyana ane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekushanda. Mamwe anoda kunonoka kwakaderera, mamwe anoda bandwidth yakakwira, uye mamwe ane zvinodiwa zvishoma.

5G LAN inogona kutsanangura mashandiro akasiyana enetwork zvichibva pamapoka akasiyana eVN. Mamwe mabhizinesi, inonzi "micro slice".

4. 5G LAN iri nyore kushandisa uye yakachengeteka.

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, data rekusaina kwemushandisi rinogona kuchinjwa mu5G UDM nes yemakambani ekutakura kuti aise vashandisi mumapoka eVN. Saka, tinofanira here kuenda kubasa revatengi remakambani pese patinoda kushandura ruzivo rweboka reterminal (join, delete, change)?

Ehe kwete.

Muma network e5G, vashandi vanogona kuvhura mvumo yekugadzirisa kune vatariri ve network dzemabhizinesi kuburikidza nekugadzira ma interfaces, zvichigonesa kugadzirisa kwekuzvishandira.

Ehe, makambani anogonawo kuzvigadzirira marongero avo e network yega zvichienderana nezvavanoda.

Pakugadzira kubatana kwedata, mabhizinesi anogona kugadzira nzira dzekubvumidza uye dzekusimbisa kuti dzitarisire mapoka eVN. Kuchengetedzwa uku kwakasimba uye kuri nyore kupfuura Wi-Fi.

Chidzidzo che5G LAN

Ngatitarisei mabhenefiti e5G LAN kuburikidza nemuenzaniso chaiwo we networking.

Chekutanga, kambani yekugadzira ine nzvimbo yayo yekugadzira, mutsetse wekugadzira (kana lathe), inoda kubatanidza PLC nePLC control end kuburikidza netiweki.

Mutsetse wega wega wekubatanidza une michina yakawanda, zvakare yakazvimiririra. Zvakanakira kuisa mamodule e5G pamudziyo wega wega uri mumutsetse wekubatanidza. Zvisinei, zvinoita sekunge zvichadhura zvishoma padanho rino.

Zvadaro, kuunzwa kwe5G industrial gateway, kana kuti 5G CPE, kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro emari. Yakakodzera waya, yakabatana newaya port (Ethernet port, kana PLC port). Yakakodzera waya, yakabatana ne5G kana Wi-Fi.

Kana 5G isingatsigire 5G LAN (isati yasvika R16), zvinokwanisikawo kuona hukama huripo pakati pePLC nePLC controller. Zvisinei, network yese ye5G iprotocol yeLayer 3 inotsamira paIP addressing, uye kero yeterminal ikero yeIP, iyo isingatsigire kutumirwa kwedata reLayer 2. Kuti kutaurirana kuitwe kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira, AR (Access Router) inofanira kuwedzerwa kumativi ese maviri kuti igadzire tunnel, ivhare industrial Layer 2 protocol mutunnel, uye iisvitse kupeer end.

Nzira iyi haingowedzeri kuoma kwayo chete, asi inowedzerawo mutengo (mutengo wekutenga router yeAR, vashandi vekugadzirisa router yeAR uye mutengo wenguva). Kana ukafunga nezveworkshop ine zviuru zvemitsetse, mutengo wacho uchava wakanyanya.

Mushure mekuunzwa kwe5G LAN, network ye5G inotsigira kutapurirana zvakananga kweprotocol yeLayer 2, saka ma AR routers haachadiwi. Panguva imwe chete, network ye5G inogona kupa nzira dzema terminals asina IP addresses, uye UPF inogona kuziva ma MAC address ema terminals. Network yese inova network ine minimalist single-layer, iyo inogona kutaurirana pa layer 2.

Kugona kwe5G LAN kushandisa plug-and play kunogona kubatana nema network aripo evatengi, zvichideredza kukanganisa ma network aripo evatengi, uye zvichichengetedza mari yakawanda pasina kugadzirisa zvakanyanya uye kuvandudza.

Kubva pamaonero makuru, 5G LAN ibasa rekubatana pakati pe5G netekinoroji yeEthernet. Mune ramangwana, kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeTSN (time sensitive network) zvichibva patekinoroji yeEthernet hakugone kuparadzaniswa nerubatsiro rwe5G LAN.

Zvakakosha kutaura kuti 5G LAN, pamusoro pekuve inobatsira pakuvaka network yemukati mepaki, inogonawo kushandiswa sekuwedzera kune network yemakambani yakatsaurirwa kubatanidza matavi munzvimbo dzakasiyana.

Module ye5G LAN

Sezvamunoona, 5G LAN tekinoroji yakakosha ye5G mumaindasitiri akamira. Inogona kuvaka kutaurirana kwakasimba kwe5G pachivande netiweki kubatsira vatengi kukurumidzisa shanduko yavo yedhijitari nekusimudzira.

Kuti 5G LAN ishandiswe zviri nani, kuwedzera pakuvandudza divi re network, rutsigiro rwe 5G module runodiwawo.

Munguva yekuuya kwe5G LAN tekinoroji yekutengeserana, Unigroup Zhangrui yakatanga puratifomu yekutanga ye5G R16 Ready baseband chip — V516.

Zvichibva papuratifomu iyi, Quectel, kambani inotungamira mukugadzira mamodule muChina, yakabudirira kugadzira mamodule akawanda e5G anotsigira tekinoroji ye5G LAN, uye akatengeswa, anosanganisira RG500U, RG200U, RM500U nedzimwe LGA, M.2, Mini PCIe package modules.