Munyori: Ulink Media
Kubva pakaburitswa Matter 1.0 neCSA Connectivity Standards Alliance (yaimbonzi Zigbee Alliance) muna Gumiguru gore rapfuura, vatambi vemakombiyuta epamba nevekunze vakaita seAmazon, Apple, Google, LG, Samsung, OPPO, Graffiti Intelligence, Xiaodu, nezvimwewo vakakurumidza kusimudzira rutsigiro rweMatter protocol, uye vatengesi vema "end-device" vakatevedzerawo.
Muna Chivabvu gore rino, Matter version 1.1 yakaburitswa, zvichivandudza rutsigiro neruzivo rwekugadzira michina inoshandisa mabhatiri. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, CSA Connectivity Standards Consortium yakaburitsazve Matter version 1.2. Ndedzipi shanduko dzichangoburwa muMatter standard yakagadziridzwa? Ndedzipi shanduko dzichangoburwa muMatter standard yakagadziridzwa? Musika wedzimba dzemagetsi wekuChina ungabatsirwa sei neMatter standard?
Pazasi, ndichaongorora mamiriro aripo pari zvino ekuvandudzwa kweMatter uye mhedzisiro inokonzeresa musika iyo inogona kuunza kugadziridzwa kweMatter1.2.
01 Mhedzisiro yeMatter
Zvichienderana neruzivo rwazvino rwuri pawebhusaiti yepamutemo, CSA Alliance ine nhengo dzekutanga makumi matatu nenhatu, uye makambani anopfuura mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu ari kutotora chikamu uye ari kupa mupiro kumamiriro enzvimbo yeMatter standard. Vagadziri vazhinji vemidziyo, nharaunda, ma test lab, uye vatengesi vemachipisi vakabatsira mukubudirira kweMatter standard nenzira dzavo dzakakosha kumusika nevatengi.
Gore rimwe chete mushure mekunge yaburitswa senzira inonyanya kutaurwa nezvayo yepamba, iyo Matter standard yatobatanidzwa muma chipset akawanda, mhando dzakawanda dzemidziyo, uye yakawedzerwa kune mimwe midziyo iri mumusika. Parizvino, kune zvigadzirwa, maapplication uye mapuratifomu esoftware ane certification anopfuura chiuru nemazana masere eMatter.
Kune mapuratifomu makuru, Matter yatove inoshanda neAmazon Alexa, Apple HomeKit, Google Home uye Samsung SmartThings.
Kana ari musika wekuChina, kwave nenguva kubva pakagadzirwa midziyo yeMatter yakawanda zviri pamutemo munyika, zvichiita kuti China ive nzvimbo huru yevagadziri vemidziyo muMatter ecosystem. Pazvigadzirwa nesoftware zvinodarika 1,800 zvine zvitupa, 60 muzana zvinobva kunhengo dzeChina.
China inonzi ine zvese zvinoumba value chain kubva kune vagadziri vemachip kusvika kune vanopa masevhisi, vakaita sematest lab uye Product Attestation Authorities (PAAs). Kuti ikurumidze kusvika kweMatter mumusika weChina, CSA Consortium yakagadzira "CSA Consortium China Member Group" (CMGC) yakatsaurirwa, ine nhengo dzinosvika makumi mana dzinofarira musika weChina, uye yakatsaurirwa kukurudzira kushandiswa kwemazinga ekubatanidza uye kutungamira hurukuro dzehunyanzvi mumusika weChina.
Panyaya yemhando dzezvigadzirwa zvinotsigirwa neMatter, mhando dzekutanga dzemidziyo inotsigirwa ndeidzi: mwenje nemagetsi (mabharubhu emagetsi, masoketi, maswichi), magadzirirwo eHVAC, maketeni nemachira, makiyi emusuwo, zvishandiso zvekutamba zvemedia, kuchengetedzeka nekuchengetedzwa uye masensa (magineti emusuwo, maaramu), zvishandiso zvekubatanidza (magedhi), uye zvishandiso zvekudzora (mafoni, masipika akangwara, uye mapaneru epakati nezvimwe zvishandiso zvine app yekudzora yakabatanidzwa).
Sezvo kuvandudzwa kweMatter kuchienderera mberi, ichavandudzwa kamwe chete kana kaviri pagore, nekuvandudzwa kwacho kuchitarisa munzvimbo nhatu huru: kuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zvitsva (semuenzaniso, mhando dzemidziyo), kugadziriswa kwehunyanzvi, uye kuvandudzwa kweSDK uye kugona kwekuyedza.
Nezve mukana wekushandisa Matter, musika une chivimbo chikuru nezveMatter pasi pezvakanakira zvakawanda. Nzira iyi yakabatana uye yakavimbika yekuwana network haingoiti kuti ruzivo rwevatengi mudzimba dzakangwara ruwedzere, asiwo inokurudzira vagadziri vezvivakwa nemakambani ekutarisira kuvaka kuti vaongororezve kukosha kwekushandiswa kukuru kwedzimba dzakangwara, zvichiita kuti indasitiri iwedzere simba rakawanda.
Sekureva kweABI Research, sangano renyanzvi rekutsvagisa, protocol yeMatter ndiyo protocol yekutanga muchikamu chedzimba dzakangwara inokwezva zvikuru. Sekureva kweABI Research, kubva muna 2022 kusvika 2030, huwandu hwemidziyo yeMatter inosvika mabhiriyoni mashanu nehafu huchatumirwa, uye panosvika gore ra2030, zvigadzirwa zvinodarika mabhiriyoni imwe nehafu zveMatter zvichatumirwa gore rega rega.
Kuwanda kwevanhu vanopinda mudzimba dzakangwara munzvimbo dzakadai seAsia Pacific, Europe neLatin America kuchakurumidza kuwedzerwa nekuda kwechibvumirano cheMatter.
Zvose zviri pachena, zvinoita sekunge nyeredzi yaMatter yave isingadzivisike, izvo zvinoratidzawo chishuwo chemusika wedzimba dzakangwara chekuchengetedza ecosystem yakabatana.
02 Nzvimbo yekuvandudza muchibvumirano chitsva
Kuburitswa uku kweMatter 1.2 kunosanganisira mhando pfumbamwe dzemidziyo mitsva uye kugadziriswa uye kuwedzerwa kune zvigadzirwa zviripo, pamwe nekuvandudzwa kukuru kune zvirevo zviripo, maSDK, marongero ekupa zvitupa uye maturusi ekuyedza.
Mhando pfumbamwe dzemidziyo mitsva:
1. Mafiriji - Kuwedzera pakudzora tembiricha nekutarisa, rudzi urwu rwechishandiso runoshanda kune zvimwe zvishandiso zvine chekuita nazvo zvakaita semafiriji akadzika uye kunyange mafiriji ewaini nepickle.
2. Ma air conditioner emukamuri - Kunyange hazvo HVAC nema thermostat zvava Matter 1.0, ma air conditioner emukamuri akazvimirira ane tembiricha uye fan mode control zvino atsigirwa.
3. Michina yekuwachisa ndiro - Zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita sekutanga kure uye zviziviso zvekufambira mberi zvinosanganisirwa. Maalarm ekuwachisa ndiro anotsigirwawo, achivhara zvikanganiso zvekushanda zvakaita semvura nedhireni, tembiricha, uye zvikanganiso zvekukiya magonhi.
4. Muchina wekuwachisa - Zviziviso zvekufambira mberi, zvakaita sekupedza kutenderera, zvinogona kutumirwa kuburikidza neMatter. Kuburitswa kweMatter dryer kuchatsigirwa mune ramangwana.
5. Muchina wekutsvaira - Kuwedzera kune zvinhu zvepakutanga zvakaita sekutanga uri kure uye zviziviso zvekufambira mberi, zvinhu zvikuru zvakaita senzira dzekuchenesa (kupukuta nekuchenesa mvura yakaoma vs. kukwesha mvura) uye zvimwe zvinhu (mamiriro ebhurashi, mishumo yekukanganisa, mamiriro ekuchaja) zvinotsigirwa.
6. MaAlarm eUtsi neCarbon Monoxide - MaAlarm aya anotsigira zviziviso pamwe chete nemasaini ekuteerera nekuona. Zviziviso zvine chekuita nemamiriro ebhatiri uye zviziviso zvekuguma kwehupenyu zvinotsigirwawo. MaAlarm aya anotsigirawo kuzviedza. MaAlarm eCarbon Monoxide anotsigira kunzwa kwehuwandu senzvimbo yekuwedzera yedata.
7. MaSensor Emhando Yemhepo - Masensor anotsigirwa anobata uye anoshuma: PM1, PM 2.5, PM 10, CO2, NO2, VOC, CO, ozone, radon, uye formaldehyde. Pamusoro pezvo, kuwedzerwa kwemapoka emhando yemhepo kunobvumira zvishandiso zveMatter kupa ruzivo rweAQI zvichienderana nenzvimbo yemudziyo.
8. Muchina wekuchenesa mhepo - Muchina uyu unoshandisa rudzi rwemudziyo we sensor yemhando yemhepo kupa ruzivo rwekunzwa uye unosanganisirawo maficha emamwe marudzi emudziyo akadai semafeni (anodiwa) uye ma thermostat (sarudzo). Muchina wekuchenesa mhepo uyu unosanganisirawo kutarisa zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa zvinozivisa mamiriro efirita (HEPA nemafirita e carbon activated anotsigirwa mu 1.2).
9. Mafeni -Matter 1.2 anosanganisira rutsigiro rwemafeni semhando yemudziyo yakasiyana, inobvumidzwa. Mafeni ikozvino anotsigira kufamba kwakaita seRock/Oscillate uye nzira itsva dzakadai seNatural Breeze neSleep Breeze. Zvimwe zvinowedzerwa zvinosanganisira kugona kushandura divi remhepo (mberi nekumashure) uye nhanho mirairo yekuchinja kumhanya kwemhepo.
Kuvandudzwa kukuru:
1. Makiyi eMasuo eLatch - Kuvandudzwa kwemusika weEurope kunoratidza magadzirirwo akafanana emakiyi elatch nemabolt lock.
2. Chitarisiko cheMudziyo - Tsananguro yechitarisiko chemudziyo yawedzerwa kuitira kuti michina ikwanise kutsanangurwa maererano neruvara rwayo uye kupenya kwayo. Izvi zvichaita kuti michina ionekwe zvakanaka pakati pevatengi.
3. Kuumbwa kweMudziyo neMapoinzi Ekupedzisira - Midziyo ikozvino inogona kuumbwa nematanho akaomarara ekupedzisira, zvichibvumira kuumbwa kwakarurama kwemidziyo, maswichi ezvishandiso zvakawanda uye maluminaires akawanda.
4. Mazita eSemantic - Anopa nzira inoshandisika yekutsanangura mapoka akafanana uye magumo enzvimbo uye mashandiro emazwi kuti zvigoneke kushandurwa kwakafanana uye mashandisirwo pakati pevatengi vakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, mavara emazwi anogona kushandiswa kumiririra nzvimbo nebasa rebhatani rega rega pane remote control ine mabhatani akawanda.
5. Tsananguro yakazara yemamiriro ekushanda kwemudziyo - Kuratidza nzira dzakasiyana dzekushanda kwemudziyo nenzira yakajairika kuchaita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira mhando itsva yemudziyo Matters mukuburitswa kwemangwana uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti inotsigira vatengi vakasiyana.
Kuvandudzwa Kwepasi Pevhu: Matter SDK uye Zvishandiso Zvekuyedza
Matter 1.2 inounza kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kuchirongwa chekuyedza nekupa zvitupa kuti zvibatsire makambani kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo (hardware, software, chipsets uye maapplication) zvikwanise kutengeswa nekukurumidza. Kuvandudzwa uku kuchabatsira nharaunda yakakura yevagadziri veMatter pamwe nehurongwa hweMatter.
Rutsigiro Rutsva rwePuratifomu muSDK - The Matter 1.2 SDK yava kuwanikwa kumapuratifomu matsva, zvichipa vagadziri nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva neMatter.
Kuwedzerwa Kwekushandisa Matter Test Harness - Zvishandiso zvekuedza chikamu chakakosha chekuona kuti zvinodiwa uye mashandiro azvo zvaitwa nemazvo. Zvishandiso zvekuedza zvava kuwanikwa kuburikidza ne open source, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune vanogadzira Matter kupa rubatsiro kuzvishandiso (zvichiita kuti zvive nani) uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti vari kushandisa vhezheni yazvino (ine zvese zvinoitwa uye kugadzirisa zvikanganiso).
Se tekinoroji inotungamirwa nemusika, mhando dzemidziyo mitsva, maficha uye zvigadziriso zvinoita kuti ive Matter specification release imhedzisiro yekuzvipira kwemakambani ari nhengo kumatanho akasiyana-siyana ekugadzira, kushandisa uye kuyedza. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nhengo dzakawanda dzakaungana kuti dziedze vhezheni 1.2 munzvimbo mbiri muChina neEurope kuti dzisimbise zvigadziriso zviri muspecification.
03 Kuona zvakajeka remangwana
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakanaka?
Parizvino, vagadziri vazhinji vemuno vakatora chikamu mukutangwa nekusimudzirwa kweMatter, asi zvichienzaniswa nekushandiswa kweMatter standard nemakambani ekunze, makambani emuno anoratidzika kunge akangwarira. Kuwedzera pakunetseka nezvekusvika zvishoma nezvishoma mumusika wemuno uye mutengo wakakwira wezvitupa zvechitupa, kunewo kunetseka nezvekuoma kwekugovana network pasi pemutambo wemapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana.
Asi panguva imwe chete, kunewo zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatsira musika wekuChina.
1. Kugona kwakazara kwemusika wedzimba dzakangwara kuri kuramba kuchiburitswa
Sekureva kwedata reStatista, zvinotarisirwa kuti panosvika gore ra2026, musika wedzimba dzakangwara mudzimba dzemuno unotarisirwa kusvika mabhiriyoni emadhora makumi mana nemashanu nemakumi matatu ($45.3 bhiriyoni). Zvisinei, huwandu hwedzimba dzakangwara muChina hwe13% huchiri padanho rakaderera, nemapoka mazhinji edzimba dzakangwara aine huwandu hwedzisingasviki gumi%. Vanhu vari muindasitiri vanotenda kuti nekuunzwa kwehurongwa hwenyika pamusoro pekuvaraidza dzimba, kukwegura uye kuchengetedza simba remagetsi maviri-kabhoni, kubatanidzwa kwedzimba dzakangwara nekudzika kwadzo kunogona kukurudzira kukura kweindasitiri yedzimba dzakangwara.
2. Matter inobatsira mabhizinesi madiki nepakati (SMEs) kuti awane mikana mitsva yebhizinesi "mugungwa".
Parizvino, dzimba dzemazuva ano dzakangwara dziri kunyanya kutengeswa muzvivakwa, flat layer uye mimwe misika isati yaiswa, nepo vatengi vekune dzimwe nyika vachitora danho rekutenga zvigadzirwa zveDIY configuration. Zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvemisika yemazuva ano neyekunze zvinopawo mikana yakasiyana kune vagadziri vedzimba muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvemaindasitiri. Zvichibva panzira dzetekinoroji yeMatter uye ecosystem, inogona kuona kubatana uye kushanda pamwe chete kwedzimba dzemazuva ano kuburikidza nemapuratifomu, makore uye maprotocol, izvo munguva pfupi zvinogona kubatsira mabhizinesi madiki nepakati kuwana mikana mitsva yebhizinesi, uye mune ramangwana, sezvo ecosystem ichikura zvishoma nezvishoma uye ichikura, zvinotendwa kuti ichawedzera kupa chikafu kumusika wevatengi vedzimba dzemazuva ano. Kunyanya, kuvandudzwa kwebasa renzvimbo dzese dzemazuva ano rakatarisana nenzvimbo yekugara kwevanhu kuchabatsira zvikuru.
3. Nzira dzisina basa dzekusimudzira kuvandudzwa kweruzivo rwemushandisi
Parizvino, musika wemuno wekutarisira Matter wakanyanya kutarisa pamidziyo yekuenda kunze kwenyika, asi nekudzoreredzwa kwekushandiswa mushure medenda, nhamba huru yevagadziri vedzimba dzakangwara pamwe nemapuratifomu vari kuedza kuva tsika huru muzvitoro zvisina internet. Zvichibva pakuvakwa kwenzvimbo yezvakatipoteredza mukati mechiteshi chezvitoro, kuvapo kweMatter kuchaita kuti ruzivo rwemushandisi ruwedzere, michina yemuno yepakutanga haigone kuita chiitiko chekubatana chakavandudzwa zvikuru, nokudaro zvichiita kuti vatengi vasvike padanho repamusoro rechinangwa chekutenga zvichibva pane ruzivo rwechokwadi.
Zvose, kukosha kweMatter kune mativi akawanda.
Kune vashandisi, kusvika kweMatter kuchaita kuti vashandisi vakwanise kusarudza zvakasiyana-siyana, avo vasingacharambidzwi nemaitiro emhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye vanonyanya kukoshesa sarudzo yakasununguka yechitarisiko chechigadzirwa, mhando, mashandiro azvo nezvimwe zvinhu.
Kune nharaunda yezvemaindasitiri, Matter inokurumidzisa kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda yepasi rose yedzimba dzakangwara nemabhizinesi, uye chinhu chakakosha pakusimudzira musika wese wedzimba dzakangwara.
Kutaura zvazviri, kubuda kweMatter hakusi kungobatsira kukuru kuindasitiri yedzimba dzakangwara chete, asiwo kuchava chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinotungamira "nguva itsva" yeIoT mune ramangwana nekuda kwekukwira kwechiratidzo uye kuunganidzwa kwakazara kweIoT value chain kwainounza.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-26-2023