[Kuti B kana kuti kwete Kuti B, uyu mubvunzo. -- Shakespeare]
Muna 1991, Purofesa weMIT Kevin Ashton akatanga kutaura nezvepfungwa yeInternet of Things.
Muna 1994, imba huru yaBill Gates yakavakwa, zvichiunza michina yemwenje yakangwara uye sisitimu yekudzora tembiricha yakangwara kekutanga. Midziyo yakangwara uye masisitimu anotanga kuonekwa nevanhuwo zvavo.
Muna 1999, MIT yakagadzira "Automatic Identification Center", iyo yakakurudzira kuti "zvese zvinogona kubatanidzwa kuburikidza netiweki", uye yakajekesa zvinorehwa neInternet yezvinhu.
Muna Nyamavhuvhu 2009, Mutungamiriri Wen Jiabao akaisa "Sensing China", iyo yakanyorwa zviri pamutemo seimwe yeindasitiri shanu dziri kubuda munyika, yakanyorwa mu "Government work report", iyo yakakwezva kutariswa kukuru kubva kunharaunda yese muChina.
Mushure mezvo, musika hausisiri kungogumira pamakadhi emagetsi nemamita emvura chete, asi kuminda yakasiyana-siyana, zvigadzirwa zveiot kubva kumashure kusvika kumberi, zvichionekwa nevanhu.
Mumakore makumi matatu ekuvandudzwa kweInternet of Things, musika wakasangana nekuchinja kwakawanda uye zvinhu zvitsva. Munyori akaongorora nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kweTo C neTo B, uye akaedza kutarisa zvakapfuura kubva pamaonero ezvino, kuitira kuti afunge nezveramangwana reInternet of things, richaenda kupi?
KuC: Zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinokwezva kutariswa kweveruzhinji
Mumakore ekutanga, zvinhu zvepamba zvakangwara, zvichitungamirirwa nemutemo, zvaikura sehowa. Kana zvigadzirwa izvi zvevatengi, zvakaita semasipika akangwara, mabracelets akangwara uye marobhoti akapfava, zvangobuda, zvinobva zvafarirwa.
· Sipika yakangwara inoshandura pfungwa yechinyakare yemutauri wepamba, iyo inogona kubatanidzwa netiweki isina waya, inosanganisa mabasa akadai sekudzora fenicha uye kudzora makamuri akawanda, uye inounzira vashandisi ruzivo rutsva rwevaraidzo. Sipika yakangwara inoonekwa sebhiriji rekutaurirana nezvigadzirwa zvakangwara, uye inotarisirwa kukosheswa zvikuru nemakambani makuru etekinoroji akadai seBaidu, Tmall neAmazon.
· Chishongo cheXiaomi chakangwara chiri shure kwemugadziri, R&D uye kugadzirwa kwechikwata chetekinoroji cheHuami, fungidziro yakanaka, kugadzirwa kwebhendi reXiaomi kunotengesa mayunitsi miriyoni imwe chete, mhedzisiro yeisingasviki gore pamusika, pasi rose rakatengesa mayunitsi anopfuura mamiriyoni gumi; Bhendi rechizvarwa chechipiri rakatumira mayunitsi mamiriyoni makumi matatu nemaviri, zvichiisa rekodhi yemidziyo yehunyanzvi yekuChina.
· Robhoti rekukwesha pasi: ragutsikana nepfungwa dzevanhu zvakakwana, gara pasofa kuti ukwanise kupedzisa mabasa epamba. Izvi zvakagadzirawo zita idzva rekuti "hupfumi hweumbozha", rinogona kuchengetedza nguva yebasa repamba kune mushandisi, kana rikangobuda rinofarirwa nevakawanda vanoda zvigadzirwa zvine hungwaru.
Chikonzero nei zvigadzirwa zveTo C zviri nyore kuputika mumakore ekutanga ndechekuti zvigadzirwa zvakangwara pachazvo zvine simba guru. Vashandisi vane makumi emakore emidziyo yekare, kana vakaona marobhoti akapararira, mawachi ebracelet akangwara, masipika akangwara nezvimwe zvigadzirwa, vachave vachitya kutenga zvinhu izvi zvemazuva ano, panguva imwe chete nekubuda kwemapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana emagariro evanhu (WeChat denderedzwa reshamwari, weibo, QQ space, zhihu, nezvimwewo) zvichave hunhu hweamplifier, zvigadzirwa zvakangwara uye zvinopararira nekukurumidza. Vanhu vanotarisira kuvandudza hupenyu nezvigadzirwa zvakangwara. Vagadziri havana kungowedzera kutengesa kwavo chete, asiwo vanhu vakawanda vakatanga kuteerera Internet yezvinhu.
Mukuona kwevanhu, Indaneti iri kukurawo zvizere, nzira yayo yekugadzira yakagadzira chishandiso chinonzi mufananidzo wemushandisi, chikava simba rekuwedzera kuputika kweimba yakangwara. Kuburikidza nekudzora kwakarurama kwevashandisi, kubvisa matambudziko avo, kudzokorora kwekare kweimba yakangwara kubva pamabasa akawanda, boka idzva rezvigadzirwa rinobudawo risingaperi, musika uri kubudirira, kupa vanhu fungidziro yakanaka.
Zvisinei, mumusika unopisa, vamwe vanhu vanoonawo zviratidzo. Kazhinji, vashandisi vezvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi, kuda kwavo kuri nyore uye mutengo unogamuchirika. Kana nyore nyore kwagadziriswa, vagadziri vachatanga kudzikisa mutengo wechigadzirwa, kuitira kuti vanhu vazhinji vagone kugamuchira mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi, kuti vatsvage musika wakawanda. Sezvo mitengo yechigadzirwa ichidzikira, kukura kwevashandisi kunosvika padanho repamusoro. Kune vashoma vashandisi vanoda kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi, uye vanhu vazhinji vane mafungiro ekuchengetedza kune zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi. Havazove vashandisi vezvigadzirwa zveInternet of Things munguva pfupi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kukura kwemusika kunoramba kuri mudambudziko zvishoma nezvishoma.
Chimwe chezviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvekutengesa dzimba dzakangwara inyaya dzemakiyi emusuwo akangwara. Mumakore ekutanga, kiyi yemusuwo yakagadzirirwa B end. Panguva iyoyo, mutengo waive wakakwira uye wainyanya kushandiswa nemahotera epamusoro-soro. Gare gare, mushure mekuzivikanwa kwedzimba dzakangwara, musika weC-terminal wakatanga kuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwekutumira, uye mutengo wemusika weC-terminal wakadzikira zvakanyanya. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti kunyangwe musika weC-terminal uchipisa, kutumirwa kukuru ndiko kukiya magonhi akangwara emhando yepamusoro, uye vatengi, kunyanya kune maneja wehotera nedzimba dzevagari, chinangwa chekushandisa makiyi emusuwo akangwara ndechekurerutsira manejimendi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vagadziri "vadzokera shure pane zvavakataura", uye vachiri kuramba vachinyura muhotera, dzimba dzekugara nedzimwe nzira dzekushandisa. Kutengesa kiyi yemusuwo yakangwara kune mushandi wehotera dzekugara, vanogona kutengesa zviuru zvezvigadzirwa panguva imwe chete, kunyangwe purofiti yakaderera, asi kuderedza mutengo wekutengesa wakawanda.
Kusvika B: IoT inotanga chikamu chechipiri chemakwikwi
Nekuuya kwedenda iri, nyika iri kuchinja zvikuru zvisingaonekwe muzana remakore. Sezvo vatengi vachinyanya kuomesa mari yavo uye vasingachadi kushandisa mari yakawanda muhupfumi husina kugadzikana, Internet of Things giants iri kushandisa B-terminal vachitsvaga mari yakawanda.
Kunyange hazvo, vatengi veB-end vari kudiwa uye vanoda kushandisa mari kuderedza mitengo uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwebhizinesi. Zvisinei, vatengi veB-terminal vanowanzova nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana, uye mabhizinesi akasiyana nemaindasitiri ane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvehungwaru, saka matambudziko chaiwo anofanirwa kuongororwa. Panguva imwe chete, kutenderera kweinjiniya kweprojekiti yeB-end kunowanzo kureba, uye ruzivo rwacho rwakaoma, mashandisirwo ehunyanzvi akaoma, mutengo wekutumira nekusimudzira wakakwira, uye kutenderera kwekudzoreredza purojekiti kwakareba. Kunewo matambudziko ekuchengetedza data nematambudziko ekuchengetedza zvakavanzika ekugadzirisa, uye kuwana projekiti yeB-side hakusi nyore.
Zvisinei, chikamu cheB chebhizinesi chine purofiti yakakura, uye kambani diki ye iot solution ine vatengi vashoma vakanaka veB side inogona kuwana purofiti yakagadzikana uye inopona denda nekusagadzikana kwehupfumi. Panguva imwe chete, sezvo Internet ichikura, tarenda rakawanda muindasitiri rinotarisa pazvigadzirwa zveSaaS, izvo zvinoita kuti vanhu vatange kutarisisa zvakanyanya kuchikamu cheB. Nekuti SaaS inoita kuti chikamu cheB chikwanise kudzokororwa, inopawo rwizi rwekuwedzera purofiti nguva dzose (ichienderera mberi nekuwana mari kubva kumasevhisi anotevera).
Panyaya yemusika, saizi yemusika weSaaS yakasvika mabhiriyoni makumi maviri nemanomwe nemazana masere ezviuru zvemayuan muna 2020, kuwedzera kwe43% zvichienzaniswa negore ra2019, uye saizi yemusika wePaaS yakadarika mabhiriyoni gumi emayuan, kuwedzera kwe145% zvichienzaniswa nenguva imwe cheteyo gore rapfuura. Dhatabhesi, middleware nema micro-services zvakakura nekukurumidza. Kukurumidza kwakadaro, kunokwezva kutariswa kwevanhu.
Kune ToB (Industrial Internet of Things), vashandisi vakuru mayuniti mazhinji ebhizinesi, uye zvinodiwa zvikuru zveAIoT kuvimbika kwakanyanya, kushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka. Mamiriro ekushandisa anosanganisira kugadzira zvinhu zvine hungwaru, kurapwa zvine hungwaru, kutarisa zvine hungwaru, kuchengetwa zvine hungwaru, kutakurwa nekupaka mota zvine hungwaru, uye kutyaira otomatiki. Minda iyi ine matambudziko akasiyana-siyana, hapana mwero unogona kugadziriswa, uye inoda ruzivo, kunzwisisa indasitiri, kunzwisisa software uye kunzwisisa kushandiswa kwekutora chikamu kwehunyanzvi, kuitira kuti iwane shanduko yekutanga yehungwaru yeindasitiri. Saka, zvakaoma kuwedzera. Kazhinji, zvigadzirwa zveIot zvakakodzera minda ine zvinodiwa zvakachengeteka zvakanyanya (senge kugadzirwa kwemigodhi yemarasha), kunyatsogadzirwa kwakanyanya (senge kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro uye kurapwa), uye mwero wepamusoro wekugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa (senge zvikamu, makemikari ezuva nezuva nezvimwe zviyero). Mumakore achangopfuura, B-terminal yakatanga kuratidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma muminda iyi.
Kuenda kuC→Kuenda kuB: Nei paine shanduko yakadaro
Sei paine shanduko kubva paC-terminal kuenda kuB-terminal Internet of Things? Munyori anopfupikisa zvikonzero zvinotevera:
1. Kukura kwacho kwakazara uye hapana vashandisi vakakwana. Vagadziri veIot vanoda kutsvaga nzira yechipiri yekukura.
Makore gumi nemana gare gare, Internet of Things inozivikanwa nevanhu, uye makambani mazhinji makuru akabuda muChina. Kune Xiaomi vechidiki, kunewo shanduko zvishoma nezvishoma yemutungamiriri wefenicha yechinyakare Halemy, kune kugadzirwa kwekamera kubva kuHaikang Dahua, kunewo munda we modules kuti uve wekutanga kutumirwa kweYuanyucom pasi rose… Kune mafekitori makuru nemadiki, kukura kweInternet of Things kuri kudzikamisa nekuda kwehuwandu hushoma hwevashandisi.
Asi kana ukashambira uchipesana nemagetsi, uchadzokera shure. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitikawo kumakambani anoda kukura nguva dzose kuti ararame mumisika yakaoma. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vagadziri vakatanga kuwedzera curve yechipiri. Millet yakagadzira mota, sezvo yakamanikidzwa kushaya simba; Haikang Dahua, mumushumo wegore negore achachinja bhizinesi chinyararire kuita makambani epfungwa; Huawei inorambidzwa neUnited States uye inotendeukira kumusika weB-end. Legion yakasimbiswa neHuawei Cloud ndiyo nzvimbo dzekupinda mumusika weInternet of Things ne5G. Sezvo makambani makuru achiuya kuB, anofanira kuwana nzvimbo yekukura.
2. Kana tichienzanisa neC terminal, mari yechikoro yeB terminal yakaderera.
Mushandisi munhu akaoma kunzwisisa, kuburikidza nemufananidzo wemushandisi, anogona kutsanangura chikamu chemaitiro ake, asi hapana mutemo wekudzidzisa mushandisi. Saka, hazvigoneke kudzidzisa vashandisi, uye mutengo wedzidzo wakaoma kuverenga.
Zvisinei, kumabhizinesi, vanoita sarudzo ndivo vakuru vekambani, uye vakuru vacho vanhu vazhinji. Pavanonzwa njere, maziso avo anopenya. Vanongoda kuverenga mitengo nemabhenefiti, uye vanotanga kutsvaga mhinduro dzekuchinja dzakangwara. Kunyanya mumakore maviri aya, nharaunda haina kunaka, haigone kuvhura manyuko, inogona kungoderedza mari inoshandiswa. Uye ndizvo zvinoita kuti Internet of Things ive yakanaka.
Sekureva kweruzivo rwakaunganidzwa nemunyori, kuvakwa kwefekitori ine hungwaru kunogona kuderedza mari yevashandi vemaworkshop echinyakare ne90%, asiwo kuderedza njodzi yekugadzira, kuderedza kusava nechokwadi kunounzwa nekukanganisa kwevanhu. Saka, mukuru wekambani ane mari yasara, atanga kuedza shanduko ine hungwaru inodhura zvishoma nezvishoma, achiedza kushandisa nzira ye semi-automatic uye semi-artificial, zvishoma nezvishoma achidzokorora. Nhasi, tichashandisa ma electronic tag neRFID yechiyero nezvinhu. Mangwana, tichatenga mota dzinoverengeka dzeAGV kugadzirisa dambudziko rekubata. Sezvo otomatiki ichiwedzera, musika weB-end unovhurwa.
3. Kugadzirwa kwegore kunounza mikana mitsva kuInternet of Things.
Ali Cloud, iyo yekutanga kupinda mumusika wegore, ikozvino yapa data cloud kumabhizinesi mazhinji. Kuwedzera kune server huru yegore, Ali cloud yakagadzira kumusoro nekudzika. Chiratidzo chezita renzvimbo, kuongorora kuchengetwa kwedata, kuchengetedzeka kwegore uye huchenjeri hwekugadzira, uye kunyange hurongwa hwekushandura hungwaru, zvinogona kuwanikwa pamhinduro dzeAli Cloud dzakakura. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti makore ekutanga ekurima, akatanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuwana goho, uye purofiti yegore negore yakaburitswa mumushumo wayo wezvemari yakanaka, ndiyo mubairo wakanakisa wekurima kwayo.
Chigadzirwa chikuru cheTencent Cloud ndechekushamwaridzana. Inoshandisa zvinhu zvakawanda zvevatengi veB-terminal kuburikidza nemapurogiramu madiki, wechat pay, enterprise wechat nedzimwe nzvimbo dzekunze. Zvichibva pane izvi, inogara ichidzika uye ichisimbisa chinzvimbo chayo chikuru munharaunda.
Huawei Cloud, semunhu anononoka, inogona kunge iri nhanho iri kumashure kwemamwe makuru. Payakapinda mumusika, makuru aya akanga atove akazara, saka Huawei Cloud pakutanga kwemusika, inosuwisa. Zvisinei, inogona kuonekwa kubva mukuvandudzwa kwemakore achangopfuura, Huawei cloud ichiri mundima yekugadzira kurwisa mugove wemusika. Chikonzero ndechekuti Huawei ikambani yekugadzira uye inonyatsonzwisisa matambudziko ari muindasitiri yekugadzira maindasitiri, izvo zvinoita kuti Huawei Cloud ikwanise kugadzirisa matambudziko ebhizinesi nekukurumidza. Ndiko kugona uku kunoita kuti Huawei Cloud ive imwe yemakore mashanu epamusoro pasi rose.
Nekukura kuri kuita cloud computing, magamba aya akaona kukosha kwedata. Gore, semutakuri wedata, rave chinhu chinokakavadzana nemafekitori makuru.
Kuna B: Musika uri kuenda kupi?
Pane ramangwana reB end here? Ndiwo mubvunzo uri mupfungwa dzevaverengi vazhinji vari kuverenga izvi. Panyaya iyi, zvichienderana neongororo nekufungidzira kwemasangano akasiyana-siyana, huwandu hweB-terminal Internet yezvinhu huchiri pasi zvikuru, hunenge huri pakati pe10%-30%, uye kukura kwemusika kuchiri nenzvimbo yakakura yekupinda.
Ndine mazano mashoma ekupinda mumusika weB-end. Chekutanga, zvakakosha kusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera. Makambani anofanirwa kufunga nezvenzvimbo ine hunyanzvi iyo bhizinesi ravo riripo, kugara vachigadzirisa bhizinesi ravo guru, kupa mhinduro diki asi dzakanaka, uye kugadzirisa zvinodiwa nevamwe vatengi. Kuburikidza nekuunganidzwa kwezvirongwa, bhizinesi rinogona kuva mugero waro wakanaka mushure mekukura. Chechipiri, kune bhizinesi reB-end, tarenda rakakosha zvikuru. Vanhu vanogona kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kupa mhedzisiro vachaunza mikana yakawanda kukambani. Chekupedzisira, bhizinesi rakawanda riri kudivi reB harisi chibvumirano chenguva imwe chete. Masevhisi nekuvandudzwa zvinogona kupihwa mushure mekunge chirongwa chapera, zvinoreva kuti kune purofiti inogara ichiwanikwa.
Mhedziso
Musika weInternet of Things wave uchikura kwemakore makumi matatu. Mumakore ekutanga, Internet of Things yaingoshandiswa chete paB end. NB-IOT, LoRa's water meter neRFID smart card zvakapa mukana wakawanda wekushanda kwezvivakwa zvakaita semvura. Zvisinei, mhepo yezvinhu zvevatengi zvakangwara inovhuvhuta zvakanyanya, zvekuti Internet of Things yakakwezva kutariswa kweveruzhinji uye yava zvinhu zvevatengi zvinotsvakwa nevanhu kwenguva yakati. Iye zvino, tuyere yaenda, C end yemusika yakatanga kuratidza mafambiro ekusagadzikana, mabhizinesi makuru echiporofita atanga kugadzirisa bow, kuenda kuB end mberi zvakare, achitarisira kuwana imwe purofiti.
Mumwedzi yapfuura, AIoT Star Map Research Institute yakaita ongororo yakadzama uye yakadzama uye ongororo pamusoro peindasitiri yezvinhu zvevatengi zvine hungwaru, uye yakaburitsawo pfungwa ye "kurarama nehungwaru".
Sei nzvimbo dzevanhu vakangwara dziri musha wevanhu vakangwara, pane musha wevanhu vakangwara wekare? Mushure mekubvunzurudzwa nekuferefetwa kwakawanda, vaongorori veAIoT star map vakaona kuti mushure mekuiswa kwezvinhu zve smart single, muganhu uripo pakati peC-terminal neB-terminal wakanyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma, uye zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvevatengi vakangwara zvakasanganiswa ndokutengeswa kuB-terminal, zvichigadzira chirongwa chakatarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Zvadaro, nekugara kwevanhu vakangwara, chiitiko ichi chichatsanangura musika wemhuri wanhasi wakangwara, wakarurama.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-11-2022