Nhanganyaya
Sezvo kushandiswa kwe photovoltaic (PV) kuri kukurumidza, mapurojekiti akawanda ari kutarisana nawozvinodiwa zvekubvisa chero chinhu kunze kwenyika. Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinowanzo rambidza simba rezuva rakawandisa kuti risadzokere mugrid, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine ma transformer akazara, kodzero dzisina kujeka dzekubatanidza grid, kana mitemo yakasimba yemhando yemagetsi. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura maitiro ekuisa simba rezuva rakawandisa.mamita emagetsi anodzivirira kudzoserwa shure (zero-kutumira kunze kwenyika), mhinduro huru dziripo, uye magadzirirwo akakodzera ehukuru hwakasiyana hwemagadzirirwo ePV system nemashandisirwo.
1. Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvekufunga nezvazvo Usati Waisa
Mamiriro Ezvinhu Anofanira Kuitwa Kuti Zvisatengeserwe Kunze
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Kuzara kwetransformer: Kana matransformer emunharaunda atove kushanda nesimba rakawanda, simba rekudzosera shure rinogona kukonzera kuwandisa, kugumburwa, kana kutadza kwemidziyo.
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Kuzvishandisa wega chete (hakubvumidzwe kutumira kunze kwegrid): Mapurojekiti asina mvumo yekuisa magetsi mu grid anofanira kushandisa simba rese rinogadzirwa munharaunda.
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Dziviriro yemhando yemagetsi: Simba rekudzosera shure rinogona kuunza zvikamu zveDC, harmonics, kana mitoro isina kuenzana, zvichideredza kunaka kwegrid.
Rondedzero Yekutarisa Pamberi Pekuiswa
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Kuenderana kwemudziyo: Iva nechokwadi chekuti kugona kwemuchina wemagetsi kunoenderana nehukuru hwePV system (chikamu chimwe chete ≤8kW, chikamu chetatu >8kW). Tarisa kutaurirana kwemuchina wemagetsi (RS485 kana yakaenzana).
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Zvakatipoteredza: Pakuisa panze, gadzirai nzvimbo dzinodzivirira mamiriro ekunze. Kune masisitimu e-inverter akawanda, rongai waya dzemabhazi dzeRS485 kana kuti Ethernet data concentrators.
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Kutevedzera mitemo uye kuchengetedzeka: Simbisa nzvimbo yekubatanidza grid ne utility, uye tarisa kuti load range inoenderana nePV inotarisirwa kugadzirwa.
2. Mhinduro dzeCore Zero-Export
Mhinduro 1: Kuderedza Simba kuburikidza neInverter Control
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Nheyo: Iyo smart meter inoyera mafambiro emagetsi panguva chaiyo. Kana mafambiro emagetsi akaonekwa, iyo smart meter inotaurirana kuburikidza neRS485 (kana mamwe maprotocol) neinverter, izvo zvinoderedza simba rayo rekuburitsa kusvika export = 0.
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Makesi ekushandisa: Nzvimbo dzakazadzwa netransformer, mapurojekiti ekuzvishandisa ega ane mitoro yakagadzikana.
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Zvakanakira: Zviri nyore, zvakachipa, zvinokurumidza kupindura, hazvidi kuchengetwa.
Mhinduro 2: Kubatanidzwa kweKutakura kana Kuchengetedzwa Kwesimba
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Nheyo: Chiyero ichi chinotarisa magetsi ari panzvimbo yekubatanidza magetsi. Panzvimbo pekuderedza simba rinobuda mu inverter, simba rakawandisa rinoendeswa kunzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu kana kurodha marara (semuenzaniso, maheater, michina yeindasitiri).
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Makesi ekushandisa: Mapurojekiti ane mitoro inochinja-chinja zvikuru, kana kuti kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwePV kuri chinhu chinonyanya kukosha.
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Zvakanakira: MaInverters anogara ari muMPPT mode, simba hariparadzwe, ROI yakawanda yesystem.
3. Maitiro Ekuisa Nehukuru hweSisitimu
Masisitimu eInverter Imwe Chete (≤100 kW)
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Kugadziriswa: 1 inverter + 1 divi rakangwara mita.
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Nzvimbo yemita: Pakati pe inverter AC output ne main breaker. Hapana mimwe mitoro inofanira kubatanidzwa pakati.
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Kuronga waya: PV inverter → Current Transformers (kana ikashandiswa) → Smart power meter → Main breaker → Local loads / Grid.
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Pfungwa: Chiyero chinoyera divi uye simba, ipapo inverter inogadzirisa kubuda kwemagetsi kuti kuenderane nemutoro.
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Kubatsirwa: Kuisa waya kuri nyore, mutengo wakaderera, uye mhinduro inokurumidza.
Masisitimu eInverter Akawanda (>100 kW)
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Kugadziriswa: Ma inverter akawanda + mita imwe yemagetsi yakangwara + imwe yedata concentrator.
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Nzvimbo yemita: Panzvimbo yekubatanidza grid (zvose zvinobuda mu inverter zvabatanidzwa).
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Wiring: Zvinobuda muInverter → Busbar → Bidirectional meter → Data concentrator → Main breaker → Grid/Loads.
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Pfungwa: Iyo inochengetedza data inounganidza data remita uye inogovera mirairo kune inverter yega yega zvakaenzana.
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Kubatsirwa: Kudzora kunochinjika, kunodzora kwakabatana, marongero eparameter anochinjika.
4. Kuiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzemapurojekiti
Mapurojekiti Ekuzvidyira Chete
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Chinodiwa: Hapana kutumirwa kwegrid kunotenderwa.
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Nzvimbo yemita: Pakati pe inverter AC output ne local load breaker. Hapana grid connection switch inoshandiswa.
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Cheki: Edza pasi pekugadzirwa kwakazara pasina mutoro — inverter inofanira kuderedza simba kusvika pazero.
Mapurojekiti Ekuzadza Transformer
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Chinodiwa: Kubatana kwegrid kunobvumirwa, asi simba rekudzosera kumashure rinorambidzwa zvachose.
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Nzvimbo yemita: Pakati pechinhu chinoburitsa inverter nechinhu chinopwanya grid connection.
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Pfungwa: Kana simba rekudzosera kumashure rikaonekwa, inverter inoderedza kubuda kwemagetsi; sekuchengetedza, mabreaker anogona kubviswa kuti adzivise kushushikana kwetransformer.
Mapurojekiti Ekuzvishandisa Kwechinyakare + Kutumira Kune Dzimwe Nyika kuGrid
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Chinodiwa: Kutumira kunze kwenyika kunobvumirwa, asi kwakaganhurirwa.
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Kugadzika mita: Mita inodzivisa kudzoserwa kumashure yakaiswa yakatevedzana ine mita yekubhadharisa yekampani iyi.
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Pfungwa: Iyo meter inodzivirira kudzoserwa kwedata inodzivisa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika; iyo meter yekushandisa chete ndiyo inozonyora pasi kana ikakundikana.
5. Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Mubvunzo 1: Ko mita yacho pachayo inomisa kuyerera kwemvura nekudzoka?
Kwete. Chiyero chinoyera divi remagetsi uye chinorizivisa. Inverter kana controller ndiyo inoita basa racho.
Mubvunzo wechipiri: Sisitimu inogona kuita nekukurumidza zvakadii?
Kazhinji mukati memasekonzi 1-2, zvichienderana nekumhanya kwekutaurirana uye inverter firmware.
Mubvunzo wechitatu: Chii chinoitika kana network ikakundikana?
Kutaurirana munharaunda (RS485 kana kutonga zvakananga) kunoita kuti dziviriro irambe iripo kunyangwe pasina internet.
Mubvunzo wechina: Mamita aya anogona kushanda here mumasystem echikamu chechikamu (120/240V)?
Ehe, mamwe mamodheru akagadzirirwa kubata magadzirirwo echikamu chepakati anoshandiswa kuNorth America.
Mhedziso
Kusatevedzera mitemo yekutumira kunze kwenyika kwava kumanikidzwa mumapurojekiti mazhinji ePV. Nekuisa mamita emagetsi anodzivirira kudzoserwa kumashure panzvimbo chaiyo uye kuabatanidza nema inverters, marara emota, kana nzvimbo yekuchengetera,MaEPC, makondirakiti, uye vagadziriinogona kupa masisitimu ezuva akavimbika uye anoenderana nemutemo. Mhinduro idzi kwete chetechengetedza gridasiwokuwedzera kuzvishandisa uye purofiti inowanikwa mubhizinesikune vashandisi vekupedzisira.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-07-2025