Imba yakangwara imba sepuratifomu, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekubatanidza waya, tekinoroji yekutaurirana netiweki, tekinoroji yekuchengetedza, tekinoroji yekudzora otomatiki, tekinoroji yeaudio nemavhidhiyo yekubatanidza zvivakwa zvine chekuita nehupenyu hwemhuri, kuronga kuvaka zvivakwa zvekugara zvinobudirira uye sisitimu yekutarisira nyaya dzemhuri, kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwemba, nyore, nyaradzo, hunyanzvi, uye kuita dziviriro yezvakatipoteredza uye nharaunda yekugara inochengetedza simba. Zvichibva pane tsananguro yazvino yeimba yakangwara, tarisa hunhu hwetekinoroji yeZigBee, dhizaini yeiyi sisitimu, chinhu chakakosha chine sisitimu yedzimba yakangwara (sisitimu yekudzora imba yakangwara (yepakati), sisitimu yekudzora mwenje yemumba, masisitimu ekuchengetedza imba), zvichibva pane sisitimu yekubatanidza waya yemumba, sisitimu yenetwork yemumba, sisitimu yemimhanzi yekumashure uye sisitimu yekudzora nharaunda yemhuri. Pakusimbisa kuti inogara muhungwaru, yakaisa masisitimu ese anodiwa chete, uye sisitimu yemumba yakaisa sisitimu yesarudzo yerudzi rumwe uye pamusoro inogona kudana hungwaru hupenyu mukati. Naizvozvo, sisitimu iyi inogona kunzi imba yakangwara.
1. Chirongwa Chekugadzira Sisitimu
Sisitimu iyi ine midziyo inodzorwa nemidziyo yekudzora iri kure mumba. Pakati payo, midziyo inodzorwa mumhuri inonyanya kusanganisira komputa inogona kupinda paInternet, nzvimbo yekudzora, nzvimbo yekutarisa uye chinodzora midziyo yemumba chinogona kuwedzerwa. Midziyo yekudzora iri kure inonyanya kuumbwa nemakombiyuta ari kure nemafoni.
Mabasa makuru ehurongwa ndeaya: 1) peji rekutanga rewebhusaiti, manejimendi yeruzivo rwemashure; 2) Kuziva kutonga kwemidziyo yemumba, kuchengetedzeka nemwenje kuburikidza neInternet nefoni mbozha; 3) Kuburikidza neRFID module kuti uzive mushandisi, kuitira kuti upedzise switch yemamiriro ekuchengetedza mukati, kana paine kuba kuburikidza neSMS alarm kumushandisi; 4) Kuburikidza nesoftware yekutonga kwepakati kuti upedzise kuratidzwa kwemwenje yemumba nemidziyo yemumba; 5) Kuchengetedza ruzivo rwemunhu uye kuchengetedza mamiriro emidziyo yemumba zvinopedzwa uchishandisa database. Zviri nyore kuti vashandisi vabvunze mamiriro emidziyo yemumba kuburikidza nesystem yekutonga nekutonga yepakati.
2. Kugadzira Hardware Yemasisitimu
Dhizaini yemidziyo yemuchina uyu inosanganisira dhizaini yenzvimbo yekudzora, nzvimbo yekutarisa uye kuwedzera kwemutongi wemidziyo yepamba (tora mutongi wefeni yemagetsi semuenzaniso).
2.1 Nzvimbo Yekudzora
Mabasa makuru enzvimbo yekudzora ndeaya anotevera: 1) Kuvaka network yeZigBee isina waya, kuwedzera ma node ese ekutarisa kune network, uye kuona kugamuchira michina mitsva; 2) kuzivikanwa kwemushandisi, mushandisi ari kumba kana kudzoka kuburikidza nekadhi remushandisi kuti awane shanduko yekuchengetedza mukati; 3) Kana mbavha ikapinda mukamuri, tumira meseji pfupi kumushandisi kuti anyevere. Vashandisi vanogona zvakare kudzora kuchengetedzeka kwemukati, mwenje nemidziyo yemumba kuburikidza nemeseji pfupi; 4) Kana sisitimu iri kushanda yega, LCD inoratidza mamiriro esystem aripo, ayo ari nyore kuti vashandisi vaone; 5) Chengeta mamiriro emidziyo yemagetsi uye uitumire kuPC kuti ione system online.
Hardware iyi inotsigira Carrier sense multiple access/Collision detection (CSMA/CA). Voltage yekushanda ye2.0 ~ 3.6V inobatsira kuti system ishandise simba shoma. Gadzira network yeZigBee star isina waya mukati nekubatanidza kune ZigBee coordinator module iri pakati pekutonga. Uye ma node ese ekutarisa, akasarudzwa kuwedzera controller yemidziyo yepamba se terminal node mu network kuti ubatanidze network, kuitira kuti ZigBee ikwanise kudzora network yekuchengetedzwa kwemukati nemidziyo yepamba.
2.2 MaNode Ekutarisa
Mabasa enzvimbo yekutarisa ndeaya anotevera: 1) kuona zviratidzo zvemuviri wemunhu, ruzha uye alarm yechiedza kana mbavha dzikapinda; 2) kudzora mwenje, nzira yekudzora yakakamurwa kuita otomatiki uye nemaoko, otomatiki inodzima/kudzima mwenje zvichienderana nesimba remwenje wemukati, kutonga kwemwenje kwemaoko kunoitwa kuburikidza nesystem yekudzora yepakati, (3) ruzivo rwealamu nerumwe ruzivo rwunotumirwa kunzvimbo yekudzora, uye inogamuchira mirairo yekudzora kubva kunzvimbo yekudzora kuti ipedzise kudzora kwemidziyo.
Nzira yekuona ma microwave ne infrared ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakuona masaini emuviri wemunhu. Iyo pyroelectric infrared probe iRE200B, uye amplification device iBISS0001. RE200B inofambiswa ne 3-10 V voltage uye ine pyroelectric dual-sensitive infrared element yakavakwa mukati. Kana chinhu ichi chikatambira infrared light, photoelectric effect ichaitika pamatanda echinhu chimwe nechimwe uye charge ichaungana. BISS0001 idigital-analog hybrid asIC inoumbwa ne operational amplifier, voltage comparator, state controller, delay time time timer uye blocking time time timer. Pamwe chete neRE200B nezvimwe zvikamu, passive pyroelectric infrared switch inogona kugadzirwa. Ant-g100 module yakashandiswa kune microwave sensor, centre frequency yaive 10 GHz, uye nguva yepamusoro yekumisikidza yaive 6μs. Pamwe chete ne pyroelectric infrared module, error rate ye target detection inogona kuderedzwa zvinobudirira.
Module yekudzora chiedza inonyanya kuumbwa ne resistor inodziya chiedza uye relay inodziya chiedza. Batanidza resistor inodziya chiedza mumutsara ne resistor inodziya chiedza ye10 K ω, wobva wabatanidza rimwe divi re resistor inodziya chiedza pasi, wobatanidza rimwe divi re resistor inodziya chiedza kune yakakwirira. Kukosha kwevoltage yenzvimbo mbiri dzekubatanidza resistance kunowanikwa kuburikidza neSCM analog-to-digital converter kuti uone kana mwenje uripo uripo. Resistance inodziya inogona kugadziriswa nemushandisi kuti ienderane nesimba rechiedza kana mwenje uchangobatidzwa. Maswichi emwenje yemukati anodzorwa nema relay. Chiteshi chimwe chete chekupinda/kubuda chinogona kuwanikwa.
2.3 Sarudza Chinodzora Chishandiso Chepamba Chakawedzerwa
Sarudza kuwedzera kutonga kwemidziyo yemumba zvichienderana nebasa remudziyo kuti uwane kutonga kwemudziyo, pano kune fan yemagetsi semuenzaniso. Kudzora fan ndiyo nzvimbo yekudzora ichave mirairo yekudzora fan yePC inotumirwa kune controller yefeni yemagetsi kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwenetwork yeZigBee, nhamba dzakasiyana dzekuzivikanwa kwemidziyo dzakasiyana, semuenzaniso, zviri muchibvumirano ichi nhamba yekuzivikanwa kwefeni i122, nhamba yekuzivikanwa yeTV yemavara epamba i123, nokudaro zvichionekwa nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekudzora midziyo yemumba yemagetsi. Kune kodhi imwe chete yemirairo, midziyo yemumba yakasiyana inoita mabasa akasiyana. Mufananidzo 4 unoratidza kuumbwa kwemidziyo yemumba yakasarudzwa kuti iwedzere.
3. Kugadzira software yesystem
Dhizaini yesoftware yesystem inosanganisira zvikamu zvitanhatu, zvinoti dhizaini yemapeji ewebhu ekutonga kure, dhizaini yesystem yekutonga kwepakati, dhizaini yemutongi mukuru wepakati wekutonga weATMegal28, dhizaini yeprogram yeCC2430 coordinator, dhizaini yeprogram yeCC2430 monitoring node, dhizaini yeprogram yeCC2430 select add device.
3.1 Kugadzira chirongwa cheZigBee Coordinator
Murongi anotanga apedzisa kutanga kwe application layer, oisa application layer state uye ogamuchira state kuti idling, obva avhura global interrupts uye otanga I/O port. Murongi anobva atanga kuvaka wireless star network. Muprotocol, murongi anosarudza otomatiki 2.4 GHz band, huwandu hwepamusoro hwema bits pasekondi i62 500, default PANID i0×1347, hurefu hwepamusoro hwestack i5, huwandu hwepamusoro hwema bytes pakutumira i93, uye serial port baud rate i57 600 bit/s. SL0W TIMER inogadzira interrupts gumi pasekondi. Mushure mekunge ZigBee network yasimbiswa zvakanaka, murongi anotumira kero yake kuMCU ye control center. Pano, control center MCU inozivisa ZigBee Coordinator senhengo ye monitoring node, uye kero yayo inozivikanwa i0. Chirongwa chinopinda mu main loop. Kutanga, sarudza kana paine data idzva rinotumirwa ne terminal node, kana iripo, data rinotumirwa zvakananga kuMCU ye control center; Sarudza kana MCU yenzvimbo yekudzora ine mirairo yakatumirwa pasi, kana zvakadaro, tumira mirairo pasi kune node yeZigBee inoenderana; Tarisa kana security yakavhurika, kana paine mbavha, kana zvakadaro, tumira ruzivo rwealamu kuMCU yenzvimbo yekudzora; Tarisa kana mwenje uri mu automatic control state, kana zvakadaro, vhura analog-to-digital converter yekutora sampuli, kukosha kwesampuli ndiyo kiyi yekubatidza kana kudzima mwenje, kana mamiriro emwenje akachinja, ruzivo rwemamiriro matsva rwunotumirwa kunzvimbo yekudzora MC-U.
3.2 Kuronga kweZigBee Terminal Node
ZigBee terminal node inoreva ZigBee node isina waya inodzorwa nemurongi weZigBee. Musystem, inonyanya kuva monitoring node uye kuwedzera kwesarudzo yemutongi wemidziyo yemumba. Kutanga kweZigBee terminal nodes kunosanganisirawo kutanga application layer, kuvhura interrupts, uye kutanga I/O ports. Wobva waedza kubatana neZigBee network. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti ma end nodes ane ZigBee coordinator setup chete ndiwo anotenderwa kubatana nenetwork. Kana ZigBee terminal node ikatadza kubatana nenetwork, ichaedza zvakare masekondi maviri ega ega kusvika yabatana nenetwork. Mushure mekubatana nenetwork zvinobudirira, ZI-Gbee terminal node inotumira ruzivo rwayo rwekunyoresa kuZigBee Coordinator, iyo inozotumira kuMCU yenzvimbo yekudzora kuti ipedzise kunyoresa kweZigBee terminal node. Kana ZigBee terminal node iri monitoring node, inogona kuona kudzora kwemwenje nekuchengetedzwa. Purogiramu iyi yakafanana neZigBee coordinator, kunze kwekuti monitoring node inofanira kutumira data kune ZigBee coordinator, uye ZigBee Coordinator anotumira data kuMCU ye control center. Kana ZigBee terminal node iri electric fan controller, inongoda kugamuchira data repamusoro computer isina kurodha state, saka control yayo inogona kupedzwa zvakananga mukukanganiswa kwe wireless data receiving. Mukukanganiswa kwe wireless data receiving, ese terminal nodes anoshandura mirairo yekudzora yakagamuchirwa kuita ma control parameters e node pachayo, uye haagadzirise mirairo isina wireless yakagamuchirwa muchirongwa chikuru che node.
4 Kugadzirisa Matambudziko Pamhepo
Murayiridzo unowedzera wekodhi yemirairo yemidziyo yakagadziriswa inoburitswa nesystem yekutonga yepakati inotumirwa kuMCU yenzvimbo yekudzora kuburikidza nechiteshi chekombuta, uye kune murongi kuburikidza neinterface yemitsara miviri, uye wobva waenda kuZigBee terminal node nemurongi. Kana chiteshi chekupedzisira chagamuchira data, data rinotumirwa kuPC kuburikidza nechiteshi cheserial zvakare. PaPC iyi, data rinogamuchirwa neZigBee terminal node rinoenzaniswa nedata rinotumirwa nechiteshi chekudzora. Sisitimu yekutonga yepakati inotumira mirairo miviri sekondi yega yega. Mushure memaawa mashanu ekuyedza, software yekuyedza inomira kana ichiratidza kuti huwandu hwese hwemapaketi akagamuchirwa imapaketi zviuru makumi matatu nezvitanhatu. Mhedzisiro yekuyedza yesoftware yekutumira data yakawanda inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 6. Huwandu hwemapaketi akarurama i36 000, huwandu hwemapaketi asina kururama i0, uye chiyero chekururamisa i100%.
Tekinoroji yeZigBee inoshandiswa kuita kuti imba yakangwara ishande zvakanaka, ine zvakanakira zvekushandisa remote control, kuwedzera michina mitsva uye kushanda kwayo kwakavimbika. Tekinoroji yeRFTD inoshandiswa kuziva mushandisi uye kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwesystem. Kuburikidza nekushandisa GSM module, mabasa eremote control uye alarm anowanikwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-06-2022